Highlights

• There was a U-shaped relationship between glycemic gap and stroke recurrence during a long-term follow-up in a Chinese ischemic stroke registry.
• Clinical physicians should remain vigilant in the fluctuation of glucose level and use individualized glucose control strategies in patients with ischemic stroke.

Highlights

• In Chinese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were negatively and independently associated with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
• Metabolic conditions, including overweight/obesity, central obesity, hyperuricemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia did not interact with this association.
• Follicle-stimulating hormone might be a potential independent index for screening and identifying individuals with high risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Highlights

• High stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) was associated with elevated systematic inflammation in diabetic inpatients with pneumonia on admission.
• In the absence of hypoglycemia on admission, SHR was of J-shaped associations with adverse clinical outcomes in diabetic inpatients with pneumonia of different severity.
• In diabetic inpatients with pneumonia on admission, predictive value of SHR for adverse clinical outcomes was greater than that of fasting blood glucose and was further elevated when the nonlinear association was taken into consideration.

Highlights

• The association between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and long-term outcomes was still controversial.
• Based on a large prospective multicenter cohort, we found that high SHR levels were independently associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause death, and unplanned revascularization. Associations between high SHR levels and risk of MACE and death remained positive in patients with or without diabetes.
• SHR was a potential biomarker for risk stratification after acute coronary syndromes.

Highlights

• Evidence for contribution of basal and postprandial glucose increments and glycemic variability to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is limited.
• In this study, after analyzing a total of 169 550 sensor-derived data in 2409 meals recorded from 102 T1D adults, we found that basal hyperglycemia (BHG) was four times higher than that of postprandial hyperglycemia (PHG). Factors including BHG, preprandial glycemia, PHG, glycemic variability and age, body mass index, hemoprotein, and duration explained a total of 74% of the variance in HbA1c, in which fasting hyperglycemia accounted for 32.1% of variance and postprandial glycemia accounted for 24.4%.
• The relative contribution of fasting hyperglycemia increased gradually with HbA1c increasing.

Highlights

• This study is the first registered meta-analysis with three different insights to explore the relationship between the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) variability and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
• Our study suggests that the higher glucose fluctuation is significantly associated with the higher CVD risk in diabetes patients based on HbA1c variability.
• The CVD risk associated with per HbA1c-SD might be higher among patients type 1 diabetes than patients with type 2 diabetes.

Highlights

• This long-term longitudinal study demonstrates the association between alcohol consumption and health outcomes in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism including type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes.
• Occasional drinking (less than once a week) reduces the risk of all-cause mortality, while heavy alcohol consumption (≥30 g/day for men and ≥15 g/day for women) significantly increases the risk of new-onset stroke.
• Patients with abnormal glucose metabolism should avoid heavy alcohol intake, but light alcohol consumption or occasional drinking is acceptable.
• This study provided evidence of lifestyle instructions for patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Highlights

• Metformin was associated with statistically significantly lower overall mortality for inpatients and outpatients.
• Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use was associated with statistically significant higher hospitalization risk and higher risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and/or mechanical ventilation.
• There was a statistically significant decrease in hospitalization for sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor) users vs. nonusers.
• Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use was associated with a statistically significant decrease in mortality, ICU admission and/or mechanical ventilation, and hospitalization.