Highlights

• Red blood cell (RBC) lifespan variation, is the main cause of variation in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), independent of blood glucose levels.
• This study highlighted the important impact of RBC lifespan on HbA1c test value in T2DM with HbA1c test value <7%.
• We discovered that the HbA1c test value in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with RBC lifespan <90 days significantly underestimated their general blood glucose condition.
• Our results will provide more useful information to advance management of blood glucose levels for T2DM.

Highlights

• This is the first large-sample, multicenter study of the relationship between Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) in Chinese community adults.
• CVAI and UACR were significantly associated in both genders.
• At higher CVAI levels, the population with prediabetes, diabetes, and hypertension has a more significant correlation between CVAI and UACR.

Highlights

We identified a positive and nonlinear association between FBG variability and cancer risk in patients with T2DM patients. An interaction effect between FBG variability and hypertension on cancer incidence was identified.

Highlights

• The protein pyrrole adducts in both plasma and urine correlated well with glucose indices, namely fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycate hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).
• Elevated plasma pyrrole adducts was related to positive distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) symptoms and a high resting heart rate.
• The findings of protein pyrrole adducts build a new bridge between glucose indices and the etiology of DSPN.

Highlights

• The association between skin autofluorescence advanced glycation end products (SAF-AGE_age) and low bone density/osteoporosis or major osteoporotic fractures was noteworthy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• SAF-AGEs were positively associated with the level of serum N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (s-PINP) and serum carboxy-terminal cross-linking peptide of type I collagen (s-CTX).
• To our knowledge, this is the first article that reports the association between SAF-AGEs and bone turnover markers in patients with T2DM.

Highlights

• During the past 30 years, globally, the disease burden of stroke burden has decreased substantially; however, the disease burden of stroke attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) failed to achieve a significant decline. The population-attributable fraction of HFPG for stroke burden has been increasing across different regions regardless of the sociodemographic index (SDI) of each region.
• The age-standardized rate of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of HFPG-attributable stroke burden shifted from higher SDI regions to lower SDI regions.
• Older adults and males were the key populations concerning the control of HFPG-attributable stroke in all SDI regions and all stroke subtypes.
• The increase of HFPG-attributable stroke burden in females in low SDI regions and the slower decrease of DALYs of HFPG-attributable stroke rates among 25–69 years old adults in high SDI regions compared with high-middle SDI regions are worth attention as well.

Highlights

• There was a growing trend in childhood prediabetes prevalence worldwide with time and BMI.
• Higher prevalence was observed for males than females, older than younger children, urban than rural areas, and children with family histories of diabetes than those without such a history.

Highlights

Association of lipid variability with diabetic microvascular complications.

Highlights

• In this prospective analysis based on multicenter real-world data, higher-frequency follow-up achieved better glycemic control compared with lower-frequency follow-up in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• Furthermore, stratification analysis indicated that metabolic benefits with higher-frequency follow-up were predominant in patients with younger age or worse glycosylated hemoglobin. This study provides evidence-based recommendations for more efficient follow-up policies for targeted T2DM patients with different baseline characteristics.

Highlights

• Diabetic kidney disease is a progressive disease with the pathology of glomerular damage and loss of podocytes.
• Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) can be expected to decrease the amount of podocyte excretion.
• Male patients receiving SGLT2i have better diabetic kidney disease-related parameters and podocyturia levels.

Highlights In Chinese adults, creatinine to body weight ratio is inversely associated with diabetes risk, and the relationship is nonlinear. Those who have diabetes risk factors and have low creatinine to body weight ratio should be vigilant against the occurrence of diabetes.

Highlights

• Vitamin D receptor (VDR) methylation attenuates the association between physical activity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• The methylation status of the VDR promoter is associated with the secretion and sensitivity of insulin.
• A high physical activity level is associated with a decreased risk of T2DM compared to a low physical activity level.

Highlights

• This retrospective study is the first to report pregnancy outcomes among Chinese women with type 1 diabetes during 2004 to 2014.
• We found that the pregnancy outcomes were poor among this population, despite dramatic improvement in the outcomes of the maternal care system for the general population, scientific progress, and release of guidelines.
• Our findings implicate a great burden of women with type 1 diabetes and that there is an urgent need to take measures to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.