Effects of electron-beam irradiation on postharvest strawberry quality
Yeong-Seok Yoon
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorJae-Kyung Kim
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorKi-Chang Lee
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorJong-Bang Eun
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jong-Heum Park
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Correspondence
Jong-Heum Park, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si 56212, Republic of Korea.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYeong-Seok Yoon
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorJae-Kyung Kim
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorKi-Chang Lee
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorJong-Bang Eun
Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jong-Heum Park
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Correspondence
Jong-Heum Park, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si 56212, Republic of Korea.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
To safeguard the ecosystem and facilitate the international trade of fresh agricultural products, phytosanitary treatments, particularly newly emerged electron-beam (e-beam) irradiation, are recommended because they are eco-friendly and do not adversely affect postharvest preservation. However, the effects of this technique on “Maehyang” strawberries are unknown. Therefore, herein, the effects of e-beam irradiation (≤1 kGy) on postharvest preservation of strawberry during storage were evaluated. E-beam irradiation reduced the microbial population, decay extent, and weight loss of strawberries in a dose-dependent manner without affecting total soluble solids content, pH, and titratable acidity. During storage, total/individual phenolic contents, total anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activities of irradiated fruits increased more slowly than those of non-irradiated fruits and maximized at the end of the storage. E-beam irradiation prevented sensory degradation and color and firmness changes. Therefore, the e-beam-irradiation-based phytosanitary treatment can efficiently mitigate the deterioration of consumer acceptance and improve postharvest preservation of strawberries.
Practical applications
E-beam irradiation of strawberries with a 1-kGy dose resulted in microbial decontamination, reduction in decay extent and weight loss, inhibition of color, firmness and chemical quality changes, and sensory quality retention without adversely affecting fruit quality parameters such as total soluble solid content, pH, and titratable acidity during storage. Thus, low-dose e-beam irradiation can be used for the phytosanitary treatment of strawberry to improve postharvest preservation and sensory quality. The easy transportation of these treated strawberries to otherwise unreachable distant market, as evident from our results, and the product quality improvements such as better sensory and color characteristics open opportunities for new markets and increase consumer acceptance, even at higher prices.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jfpp14665-sup-0001-FigS1.docxWord document, 9.3 MB | Fig S1 |
| jfpp14665-sup-0002-TableS1.docxWord document, 13 KB | Table S1 |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
REFERENCES
- Ahn, D. U., Kim, I. S., & Lee, E. J. (2013). Irradiation and additive combinations on the pathogen reduction and quality of poultry meat. Poultry Science, 92, 534–545. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02722
- AHPIS. (2006). Treatments for fruits and vegetables. Federal Register (71 FR 4451). Retrieved from https://www.federalregister.gov/d/06-746
- Ariza, M. T., Reboredo-Rodríguez, P., Cervantes, L., Soria, C., Martínez-Ferri, E., González-Barreiro, C., … Simal-Gándara, J. (2018). Bioaccessibility and potential bioavailability of phenolic compounds from achenes as a new target for strawberry breeding programs. Food Chemistry, 248, 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.105
- Ariza, M. T., Reboredo-Rodríguez, P., Mazzoni, L., Forbes-Hernández, T. Y., Giampieri, F., Afrin, S., … Mezzetti, B. (2016). Strawberry achenes are an important source of bioactive compounds for human health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17, 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071103
- Ashtari, M., Khademi, O., Soufbaf, M., Afsharmanesh, H., & Sarcheshmeh, M. A. A. (2019). Effect of gamma irradiation on antioxidants, microbiological properties and shelf life of pomegranate arils cv. “Malas Saveh”. Scientia Horticulturae, 244, 365–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.09.067
- Aylangan, A., Ic, E., & Ozyardimci, B. (2017). Investigation of gamma irradiation and storage period effects on the nutritional and sensory quality of chickpeas, kidney beans and green lentils. Food Control, 80, 428–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.04.005
- Caleb, O. J., Wegner, G., Rolleczek, C., Herppich, W. B., Geyer, M., & Mahajan, P. V. (2016). Hot water dipping: Impact on postharvest quality, individual sugars, and bioactive compounds during storage of “Sonata” strawberry. Scientia Horticulturae, 210, 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.07.021
- Cho, S.-R., Koo, H.-N., Shin, S., Kim, H. K., Park, J.-H., Yoon, Y. S., & Kim, G.-H. (2019). Gamma-ray irradiation control of whiteflies Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum in the exportation of fresh strawberries. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112, 1611–1617. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz083
- Cordenunsi, B. R., Nascimento, J. R. O., & Lajolo, F. M. (2003). Physico-chemical changes related to quality of five strawberry fruit cultivars during cool-storage. Food Chemistry, 83, 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00059-1
- Costa, L., Vicente, A. R., Civello, P. M., Chaves, A. R., & Martínez, G. A. (2006). UV-C treatment delays postharvest senescence in broccoli florets. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 39, 204–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.10.012
- Drake, S. R., & Nelson, L. G. (2000). Comparison of alternative postharvest quarantine treatment for sweet cherries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 20, 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(00)00110-1
- El-Mogy, M. M., Ali, M. R., Darwish, O. S., & Rogers, H. J. (2019). Impact of salicylic acid, abscisic acid, and methyl jasmonate on postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of cultivated strawberry fruit. Journal of Berry Research, 9, 333–348. https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-180349
- El-Mogy, M. M., Ludlow, R. A., Roberts, C., Müller, C. T., & Rogers, H. J. (2019). Postharvest exogenous melatonin treatment of strawberry reduces postharvest spoilage but affects components of the aroma profile. Journal of Berry Research, 9, 297–307. https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-180361
- Farkas, J. (2006). Irradiation for better foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 17, 148–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2005.12.003
- Filho, M. D. J., Scolforo, C. Z., Saraiva, S. H., Pinheiro, C. J. G., Silva, P. I., & Lucia, S. M. D. (2018). Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory acceptance alterations of strawberries caused by gamma radiation and storage time. Scientia Horticulturae, 238, 187–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.053
- Hallman, G. J. (2011). Phytosanitary applications of irradiation. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 10, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00144.x
- Hammad, A. A. I., El-Mongy, T. M., Abu-Shady, M. R., & Taha, S. M. (1995). Microbial changes in strawberries treated with gamma irradiation to improve their quality. Egyptian Journal of Food Science, 23, 117–132. Retrieved from http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=EG9703981
- Harrison, K., & Were, L. M. (2007). Effect of gamma irradiation on total phenolic content yield and antioxidant capacity of almond skin extracts. Food Chemistry, 102, 932–937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.06.034
- Hernández-Herrero, J. A., & Frutos, M. J. (2015). Influence of rutin and ascorbic acid in colour, plum anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity stability in model juices. Food Chemistry, 173, 495–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.059
- Hussain, P. R., Dar, M. A., Meena, R. S., Mir, A. M., Shafi, F., & Wani, A. M. (2008). Changes in quality of apple (Malus domestica) cultivars due to gamma irradiation and storage conditions. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 45, 44–49. Accession Number: 000253152000006.
- Jain, A., Ornelas-Paz, J. J., Obenland, D., Rodriguez (Friscia), K., & Prakash, A. (2017). Effect of phytosanitary irradiation on the quality of two varieties of pummelos (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.). Scientia Horticulturae, 217, 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.01.029
- Jang, S.-A., Shin, Y.-J., & Song, K. B. (2011). Effect of rapeseed protein–gelatin film containing grapefruit seed extract on “Maehyang” strawberry quality. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 46, 620–625. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02530.x
- Kim, J. Y., Kim, H. J., Lim, G. O., Jang, S. A., & Song, K. B. (2010). The effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide or fumaric acid treatment combined with UV-C on postharvest quality of “Maehyang” strawberries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 56, 254–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.01.013
- Kong, Q., Wu, A., Qi, W., Qi, R., Carter, J. M., Rasooly, R., & He, X. (2014). Effects of electron-beam irradiation on blueberries inoculated with Escherichia coli and their nutritional quality and shelf life. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 95, 28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.04.004
- Landete, J. M. (2011). Ellagitannins, ellagic acid and their derived metabolites: A review about source, metabolism, functions and health. Food Research International, 44, 1150–1160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.027
- Liu, C., Zheng, H., Sheng, K., Liu, W., & Zheng, L. (2018). Effects of melatonin treatment on the postharvest quality of strawberry fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 139, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2018.01.016
- Majeed, A., Muhammad, Z., Majid, A., Shah, A. H., & Hussain, M. (2014). Impact of low doses of gamma irradiation on shelf life and chemical quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cv. “Corona”. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 24, 1531–1536. ISSN: 1018–7081. Accession Number: 99833555.
- Maraei, R. W., & Elsawy, K. M. (2017). Chemical quality and nutrient composition of strawberry fruits treated by γ-irradiation. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 10, 80–87. 0.1016/j.jrras.2016.12.004
- Mostafavi, H. A., Mirmajlessi, S. M., Mirjalili, S. M., Fathollahi, H., & Askari, H. (2012). Gamma radiation effects on physico-chemical parameters of apple fruit during commercial post-harvest preservation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 81, 666–671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.02.015
- Nam, H.-A., Ramakrishnan, S. R., & Kwon, J.-H. (2019). Effects of electron-beam irradiation on the quality characteristics of mandarin oranges (Citrus unshiu (Swingle) Marcov) during storage. Food Chemistry, 286, 338–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.009
- Nowicka, A., Kucharska, A. Z., Sokół-Łętowska, A., & Fecka, I. (2019). Comparison of polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of strawberry fruit from 90 cultivars of Fragaria×ananassa Duch. Food Chemistry, 270, 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.015
- Nunes, M. C. N., Brecht, J. K., Morais, A. M. M. B., & Sargent, S. A. (2006). Physicochemical changes during strawberry development in the field compared to those that occur in harvested fruit during storage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86, 180–190. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2314
- Ordidge, M., García-Macías, P., Battey, N. H., Gordon, M. H., John, P., Lovegrove, J. A., … Hadley, P. (2012). Development of colour and firmness in strawberry crops is UV light sensitive, but colour is not a good predictor of several quality parameters. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92, 1597–1604. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4744
- Parveen, S., Hussain, P. R., Mir, M. A., Shafi, F., Darakshan, S., Mushtaq, A., & Suradkar, P. (2015). Gamma irradiation treatment of cherry—Impact on storage quality, decay percentage and post-refrigeration shelf-life extension. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 3, 54–73. https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.3.1.07
- Pinto, M. D. S., Lajolo, F. M., & Genovese, M. I. (2007). Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of strawberry jams. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 62, 127–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-007-0052-x
- Pinto, M. D. S., Lajolo, F. M., & Genovese, M. I. (2008). Bioactive compounds and quantification of total ellagic acid in strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Food Chemistry, 107, 1629–1635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.10.038
- Ramakrishnan, S. R., Jo, Y., Nam, H.-A., Gu, S.-Y., Baek, M.-E., & Kwon, J.-H. (2019). Implications of low-dose e-beam irradiation as a phytosanitary treatment on physicochemical and sensory qualities of grapefruit and lemons during postharvest cold storage. Scientia Horticulturae, 245, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.09.058
- Serapian, T., & Prakash, A. (2016). Comparative evaluation of the effect of methyl bromide fumigation and phytosanitary irradiation on the quality of fresh strawberries. Scientia Horticulturae, 201, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.12.058
- Sogvar, O. B., Saba, M. K., & Emamifar, A. (2016). Aloe vera and ascorbic acid coatings maintain postharvest quality and reduce microbial load of strawberry fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 114, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.11.019
- US FDA. (2007). Foods permitted to be irradiated under FDA regulations (21 CFR 179.26). Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=179.26
- Wang, C., & Meng, X. (2016). Effect of 60Co γ-irradiation on storage quality and cell wall ultra-structure of blueberry fruit during cold storage. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 38, 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2016.09.010
- Yu, L., Reitmeier, C. A., Gleason, M. L., Nonnecke, G. R., Olson, D. G., & Gladon, R. J. (1995). Quality of electron beam irradiated strawberries. Journal of Food Science, 60, 1084–1087. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb06297.x
- Yu, L., Reitmeier, C. A., & Love, M. H. (1996). Strawberry texture and pectin content as affected by electron beam irradiation. Journal of Food Science, 61, 844–846. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb12216.x
- Zhang, K., Deng, Y., Fu, H., & Weng, Q. (2014). Effects of Co-60 gamma-irradiation and refrigerated storage on the quality of Shatang mandarin. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3, 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2014.01.002
10.1016/j.fshw.2014.01.002 Google Scholar
- Zhang, L., Lu, Z., & Wang, H. (2006). Effect of gamma irradiation on microbial growth and sensory quality of fresh-cut lettuce. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 106, 348–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.07.005
- Zhu, F., Cai, Y.-Z., Bao, J., & Corke, H. (2010). The effect of γ-irradiation on phenolic compounds in rice grain. Food Chemistry, 120, 74–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.072
