Optimization of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration of pomegranate seeds (Punica granatum L.) using response surface methodology
Corresponding Author
Brahim Bchir
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Correspondence
Brahim Bchir, Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, BP W-3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMohamed Ali Bouaziz
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorRefki Ettaib
Laboratoire d'Aridoculture et Cultures Oasiennes, Institut des Régions Arides, Médenine, Tunisie
Search for more papers by this authorHaifa Sebii
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorSabine Danthine
Laboratory of Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorChristophe Blecker
Laboratory of Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorSouhail Besbes
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorHamadi Attia
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Brahim Bchir
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Correspondence
Brahim Bchir, Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, BP W-3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMohamed Ali Bouaziz
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorRefki Ettaib
Laboratoire d'Aridoculture et Cultures Oasiennes, Institut des Régions Arides, Médenine, Tunisie
Search for more papers by this authorHaifa Sebii
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorSabine Danthine
Laboratory of Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorChristophe Blecker
Laboratory of Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorSouhail Besbes
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorHamadi Attia
Laboratory of Analysis Valorization and Food Safety, University of Sfax, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The main objective was to investigate the effect of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration (UOD) pretreatment on the dehydration kinetics and the physicochemical properties of pomegranate seeds using a response surface methodology, in order to optimize the process. Quality attributes of seeds were estimated through the assessment of physical and thermal characteristics. Results showed a good correlation of experimental values with the model. The optimum conditions used for UOD and osmotic dehydration (OD) were found to be 240 min, 60°Brix, 41°C, and 240 min, 29°Brix, 50°C, respectively. UOD pretreatment led to a higher mass transfer rate than the OD process. UOD-treated seeds reached the optimal moisture content (10%) and water activity (aw < 0.650) faster than both fresh seeds and OD-treated seeds. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that UOD pretreatment induced the loss of an important amount of water. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that ultrasound pretreatment did not affect the amorphous characteristics of pomegranate seed powder during drying.
Practical applications
Ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration could be a novel approach for food preservation and processing, due to the combined effect of osmotic pressure gradient and ultrasonic effect on the surface of the food material. Ultrasound pretreatment can be implemented as an alternative pretreatment to reduce drying time and, consequently, processing costs. Ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration is gradually gaining attention as a pretreatment method due to its advantages which include preservation of antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds. This study provides information on the application of response surface methodology for the optimization of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration of pomegranate seeds.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
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