The aim of this work is to assess if cumulative dose (CD) and dose intensity (DI) of everolimus may affect survival of advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) patients. Median OS was 24 months in Group A (with cumulative dose ≤ 3000 mg) while in Group B (with cumulative dose > 3000 mg), it was not reached (HR: 26.9; 95% CI: 11.0–76.7; P < 0.0001). This should prompt efforts to continue everolimus administration in responsive patients up to at least 3000 mg despite delays or temporary interruptions.

Prompt ultrasonography-driven combination antibiotic therapy for NEC improved survival among acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient. Chemotherapy schedules with robust dosages of cytarabine for AML remission are associated with a high rate of NEC incidence and attributable mortality. Vigorous antibacterial therapy, specifically those also including tigecycline, may be effective in improving 30-day survival rate after NEC onset. This text corresponds to the final part of the abstract and it doesn't represent the legend to this figure.

Associations between genetic variants of cell cycle pathway genes and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the associations between 24 potential functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 16 main cell cycle pathway genes and disease-free survival (DFS) of 271 HCC patients who had undergone radical surgery resection. We identified two SNPs, i.e., SMAD3 rs11556090 A>G and RBL2 rs3929G>C, that may independently or jointly modulate the disease-free survival of HCC patients.

In this observational study, the prevalence of both renal impairment and chronic kidney disease was high in patients with multiple myeloma, affecting 61% and 50%, respectively, of patients in the OSCER cancer database in the US for the period 2012 to 2015. The onset of renal impairment was rapid after the multiple myeloma diagnosis; however, 40% of these patients nevertheless received concomitant nephrotoxic agents, most of which were intravenous bisphosphonates. As renal impairment is associated with reduced survival and may affect clinical management, preservation of renal function is critical, and non-nephrotoxic alternatives are warranted where possible in managing the multiple myeloma population.

The relationship between ABO blood groups and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was investigated in patients from Western Norway. There was an over-representation of blood group A among patients when compared with healthy blood donors, and this association could be fully attributed to the A1 subgroup. Blood group O was found to be protective, both when blood donors and random hospitalized patients were used as controls. The frequency of blood group O was particularly low among unresected patients, in whom this blood group also associated with better survival.

This article identifies a case of urethral melanoma developing shortly after initiating natalizumab therapy for multiple sclerosis. Literature review identifies seven cases of natalizumab-associated melanoma and FDA review identifies 133 cases of natalizumab-associated melanoma. Patients initiating natalizumab therapy may consider having a baseline dermatologic evaluation, particularly if cutaneous nevi are present.

This is a retrospective, intention-to-treat analysis of consecutive patients who were diagnosed with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer and primarily followed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. The results from this study highlight the importance of upfront systemic therapy in the management of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

In previously treated non–small-cell lung cancer patients, receiving gefitinib might provide more survival benefit than erlotinib in Asian patients.

This study assessed the impact of postoperative complications on the colorectal cancer survival and recurrence after curative surgery using pooled individual patients’ data from three large phase III randomized trials. In this study, we found that postoperative complications can worsen the colorectal cancer survival and risk of recurrence. Surgical morbidity must be considered as a stratification factor in future phase III trials evaluating the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on colorectal cancer.

Response rates to PD-1 Abs in patients with metastatic Uveal melanoma were low although we did see four patients benefitting from treatment. Patients with multiple organ metastases and elevated lactate dehydrogenase did not respond well to treatment.

Our study aims to investigate the prognostic value of Notch receptors in postsurgical patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Our findings collectively indicate that Notch receptors variants (rs1043996 in Notch3 and rs422951, rs520692, rs3830041 in Notch4) are independent predictive targets for overall survival (OS) in HBV-related HCC patients. Notch3 expression is a potential prognostic biomarker of OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) prediction in HBV-related HCC patients following surgical treatment.

In mouse and man, the complementarity of the nonimmune anti-A/Tn cross-reactive IgM most likely occurs in a process of rapid glycosylations/deglycosylations, called “single cycle event”, which causes the release of an antibody molecule that displays a predetermined breaking point through the hydroxyl (–OH) functional group of terminal serine/threonine residues. The germline encoded anti-Tn cross-reactivity of the anti-A-specific isoagglutinin and the pronounced occurrence of anti-Tn reactivity in plasma from humans with histo (blood) group O(H), could contribute to the potential, currently discussed survival advantage of this group in the overall risk of developing cancer when compared with non-O blood groups.

The expression of PD-L1 did not alter the patients’ prognosis if their tumors were HLA class I low, but it did for those with HLA class I high tumors. These findings suggest that the evaluation of PD-L1 and HLA class I expression is useful to predict the patients’ prognosis and HLA class I should be a new biomarker to select patients who may benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunotherapy.

This study reports an analysis of prediction models for postoperative overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with breast cancer, in which we incorporated genes we found associated with the postoperative survival into MammaPrint genes, often used to predict prognosis of patients with early-stage breast cancer, and constructed postoperative OS and DFS prediction models using a Cox proportional hazard model. Not only did our models achieve an area of a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.71 and 0.60 on an independent test set, but the KM curves also showed a statistically significant difference between the predicted high- and low-risk groups in both OS (log-rank trend test P = 0.0033) and DFS (log-rank trend test P = 0.00030).

FdUrd increases mitotic activity in melanoma cells and inhibits pyrimidine de novo synthesis pathway, leading to efficient uptake of salvage thymidine synthesis pathway targeting Auger electron-emitting thymidine analog 123/125I-ITdU. The DNA-incorporated 123/125I-ITdU induces severe DNA damages (double-strand breaks) and consequently cell apoptosis.

Tumor heterogeneous response of melanoma cells to targeted therapies is limiting their efficacy. In this study, using single-cell mass cytometry, we were able to track within the heterogeneous response of a melanoma BRAFV600-sensitive cell line, the paradoxically proliferating subsets of cells that emerge as an immediate response to suboptimal BRAF inhibition. Moreover, we were able to show that the overexpression of the human antigen R overcomes such immediate heterogeneous response. This study initiates a new avenue to prevent the occurrence of adaptive resistance to targeted therapies.

HER2 protein is trimethylated by a protein lysine methyltransferase SMYD3. SMYD3-mediated HER2 methylation plays a critical role in the formation of HER2 homodimer and subsequent activation of downstream pathways.

The manuscript describes our multiplatform testing and analysis of 743 samples of anal, cervical, oropharyngeal, and vulvar squamous cell carcinomas to identify molecular signatures common to HPV-induced cancers. We specifically focused on biomarkers which may be predictive of treatment efficacy and aid in determining treatment regimens. Examination of 79 biomarkers revealed striking similarities between the different cancers types, including similar rates of oncogene mutation, gene amplification, PD-L1 expression, and MGMT and RRM1 silencing which indicates that treatment protocols may be similarly effective in these different cancers.

MTT, colony formation, Transwell, wound healing assays and flow cytometry were used to detect oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell viability, proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis, respectively. Collective data suggested that miR-375 served as a tumor suppressor via regulating SLC7A11. Replenishing of miR-375 or knockout of SLC7A11 could be therapeutically exploited.

Dimethoxycurcumin (DMC) is a kind of lipophilic analog of curcumin, an effective antitumor substance for colon cancer, with great improvement in chemical and metabolic stability. Chemotherapy, represented by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), plays a key role in the current management of colon cancer. In this study, we revealed an additive antitumor effect of DMC and 5-Fu in colon cancer cells, which was closely related to induction of apoptosis, stimulation of G0/G1 phase arrest, increasing of ROS production, decreasing of mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing of endoplasmic reticulum expansion.

LOXL2 forms an interaction network with actin-related proteins in ESCC. The three-gene signature (LOXL2, CDH1, and FN1) exceeds the power of the current staging system in evaluating ESCC prognosis. The high performance of the signature was validated in mRNA and protein levels among three cohorts of patients.

We have developed a novel therapeutic approach; Tris–base pH 8.4 to manipulate tumor extracellular pH (pHe) and consequently inhibited cancer progression and metastasis and hence could be readily adapted to a clinical trial.

Residual DNA methylation in the gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication may have a role in gastric carcinogenesis, but the morphologic characteristics of this methylation anomaly have not been clearly described. We showed that the morphologic features visualized by the magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy well characterize the DNA methylation status in the gastric mucosa after H. pylori eradication, suggesting its reliability to estimate the “field defect”.

Serum proteomics has the potential to find the candidate biomarkers for various types of cancers enabling differential diagnosis. We have performed HDMSE of serum samples from chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer patients and quantified hundreds of proteins. Exhaustive statistical analyses such as OPLS-DA, PCA, ROC curve analyses and multiple pathway analyses were performed which provided dysregulated pathways in these diseases and high-confidence potential biomarker candidates were proposed.

This study assesses the feasibility of a cervical cancer (CC) screen-and-treat 1-day approach including vaginal self-sampling and point-of-care HPV testing in a developing country. This approach may contribute to improving the effectiveness of CC prevention programs and decrease CC mortality in low-resource countries.

Although the incidence rates of FIBC have increased rapidly in Taiwan, thereby confirming previous results, the increase is slowing down.

Breast cancer mortality is highest among African American (AA) women in Memphis, TN. When stratified by breast tumor subtype, AA women with triple-negative breast cancer and luminal B/HER2- breast tumors had the highest risk of mortality compared to European American women. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to reduce breast cancer disparities in AA populations, particularly those in Memphis, TN.

Our study identifies predictors of BRCA testing among Black women treated for breast cancer and examines differences between BRCA testers and nontesters. We conducted an analysis of 945 Black women ages 18–64 diagnosed with localized or regional-stage invasive breast cancer in Pennsylvania and Florida between 2007 and 2009. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of BRCA 1/2 testing. Few (27%) (n = 252) of the participants reported having BRCA testing. In the multivariate analysis, we found that perceived benefits of BRCA testing (predisposing factor) ([OR], 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11–1.21; P < 0.001), income (enabling factor) ([OR], 2.10; 95% CI: 1.16–3.80; P = 0.014), and BRCA mutation risk category (need factor) ([OR], 3.78; 95% CI: 2.31–6.19; P < 0.001) predicted BRCA testing.

In this prospective, longitudinal study that included 111 adults advanced cancer patients, global quality of life, physical functioning, role functioning, and emotional functioning had a statistically significant trend over time. At the univariate analyses, the determinants significantly associated with changes in trend over time for physical, role, and emotional functioning were oncologic treatments. Global quality of life improved during home parenteral nutrition even in advanced cancer patients on oncologic treatments.

Population-based Danish study on comorbidity in multiple myeloma. The comorbidity was increased in multiple myeloma patients compared with the background population, in particular, during the year preceding the diagnosis of myeloma. Comorbidity was associated with increased mortality.

Neonates with solid tumors had the highest 5-year OS, followed by those with leukemia or CNS tumors. Except for neuroblastoma, all neonatal tumors showed inferior outcomes compared to that in the older group. The proportion of neonates who died from causes other than cancer was significantly higher than that of the older children but in general, the outcome of neonatal cancers has not improved over the last 34 years.

We report long-term quality of life metrics in the urinary, bowel, and sexual function domains for patients following treatment for prostate cancer. These data may help patients make informed decisions regarding their treatment choice based on symptoms they may experience in the decades ahead.

In 2009, the Cancer Resource Foundation (CRF), implemented the Genetic Information for Treatment Surveillance and Support (GIFTSS) program to cover the out–of-pocket expenses associated with cancer predisposition genetic testing. In this study, we (i) Describe the characteristics of participants in the Massachusetts (MA) GIFTSS program and (ii) evaluate mutations found in this diverse sample. The data from this study describe genetic testing outcomes in this high-risk underserved community.