Compared to immunotherapy based on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, our findings demonstrated that combining radiotherapy could promote lesions reduction and prolong disease control time, which led to significant longer overall survival.

Pie chart showing responders and nonresponders after naldemedine administration.Responder rate: 65.0%, 95% CI: 50.2%–79.7%.

This multicenter retrospective study investigated the association between immune-checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy effectiveness and the expression status of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) in 108 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and showed that programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score, objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival were significantly lower in patients with TTF-1-negative expression than those in TTF-1-positive patients.

Based on alternative splicing profile, 84 TCGA MPM patients are clustered into four clusters, and patients within cluster 3 have the shortest survival time. Drug susceptibility test results of 155 small-molecule drugs from the GDSC data set reveal that patients within cluster 3 (GDSC-1) are sensitive to CHIR-99021, a small-molecule inhibitor of GSK-3.

CL after segmentectomy can be accomplished securely using either VATS or thoracotomy without major complications in selected patients. Particularly, patients with completion upper lobectomy are more likely to have severe hilar adhesions. Although patients exhibiting more severe hilar adhesions tended to undergo thoracotomy and appeared in the long interval-to-CL group, the perioperative outcomes were equivalent to those shown in the VATS and short interval-to-CL groups, respectively.

We describe a case of a 63-year-old man with IIIC stage NSCLC who received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and radical lobectomy. He successively suffered immunologic enterocolitis and Interstitial lung disease. Bronchial fistula was found on POD 10 and an emergent repair surgery was performed. This is the first case of multi-organs, multi-time point immune-related adverse events (irAE) in perioperative NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.

This is the first study to demonstrate that the rest period between chemotherapy and immunotherapy affects the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Time interval from chemotherapy to immunotherapy may affect immune cell status, efficacy, progression-free survival, and overall survival in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Two previous studies reported that pleural fluid homocysteine is a promising diagnostic marker for malignant pleural effusion. However, the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid homocysteine was low in our two cohorts. Possible explanations for the inconsistency, as well as its clinical implications, were discussed.

We investigated the relationship between genetic alterations and each histological component heterogeneously detected in combined SCLC (cSCLC) and metachronously transformed SCLC. The different histological components of cSCLC shared the same major somatic mutations, but ASCL1 expression was lower in the NSCLC component than in the SCLC component. Each histological component of cSCLC undergoes morphological evolution depending on the difference in ASCL1 expression, not due to the differences in acquired somatic mutations.

A total of 280 patients (81.4%) had low FAP expression, and 64 patients (18.6%) had high FAP expression in tumor cells. In CAFs, 230 patients (66.9%) had low FAP expression, and 114 patients (33.1%) had high FAP expression. In multivariate analyses, high FAP expression in tumor cells was an independent predictive factor of both overall survival (OS; HR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.49–4.42, p < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.38–3.29, p < 0.001).

The univariate analysis of the survival of patients with PMEC showed that TNM stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and MAML2 gene translocation had significant influences on survival in patients with PMEC.

Radiation therapy for lung cancer may damage the airway in the radiation field and cause pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis. The pseudomembrane can obstruct the airway.

Repeating rebiopsy enabled to provide optimal therapy according to its results. This case highlighted the importance of rebiopsy.

Various diseases may present as cavitary pulmonary nodules. This case highlights that anaplastic large cell lymphoma should be considered in patients presenting with cavitary masses and sustained hypercalcemia.

Posterior basal (S10) segmentectomy is one of the most challenging (and uncommon) types of pulmonary segmentectomy. We here present two key tips, which are a full understanding of the relative locations of the pulmonary vessels and bronchi by preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography/broncho-angiography and the use of “suction-guided stapling”, facilitating a uniportal operation.

Schema of ACIST study; phase I study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of CDDP + AMR + AHTRT for the patients with LD-SCLC.