This article reviews the research progress of traditional asynchronous biopsy followed by ablation, the emerging methods of synchronous biopsy followed by ablation, and synchronous ablation followed by biopsy in the last decade.

Ultrasound was used in combination with cervical mediastinoscopy and the results showed that ultrasound guidance makes biopsy in patients safer and easier, improves lymph node sampling, and decreases postoperative complications. Furthermore, surgeons can easily learn and master this method.

The safety and prognoses of pembrolizumab monotherapy in treatment-naïve advanced NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression and pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) has not yet been determined. In this retrospective study, the incidence of pneumonitis in patients with pre-existing ILD was comparable to those without pre-existing ILD. Moreover, this study showed that patients with pre-existing ILD had comparable efficacy and prognoses compared to patients without pre-existing ILD. When considering the use of pembrolizumab for NSCLC patients with pre-existing ILD, physicians should consider the balance between safety and long-term prognosis, which can be obtained.

In comparison with “classic somatic” and nonpulmonary visceral angiomatoidfibrous histiocytoma, pulmonary primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma display distinct clinicopathological features and prognosis.

Eighteen lung cancer patients received uniportal left pneumonectomy and showed good surgical and recovery results. VATS It is safe to do left pneumonectomy by uniportal VATS for selected lung cancer patients.

There are few studies that directly compare the difference between the generation of prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) before osimertinib treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation. In our retrospective study, progression-free survival of osimertinib was significantly longer in patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR T790M mutation after treatment with afatinib than in patients after treatment with first generation EGFR-TKIs.

We present an analysis of 188 patients diagnosed with primary thymic tumours. The prognostic value of selected clinical and morphological factors was assessed in relation to survival. Multivariate analysis showed that the most important independent risk factor was CS IV. The risk of recurrence increased significantly in thymic carcinoma, comorbidities occurrence and weight loss. Some additional clinical factors including LDH elevation, leucocytosis, anemia may have prognostic value.

• Fibrous bands (FBs) are bands of fibrosis dividing tumors into different-sized irregular islands.

• The presence of FBs is associated with the malignant behavior of thymomas.

• Confirmation of FBs might lead to individualized medications in patients with thymoma.

This study demonstrated that the frequency of different driver genes was diverse in different age-gender groups, and may assist clinicians in clinical decision-making, and assist government, pharmaceutical researchers and insurance companies in the development of public healthcare strategies in the future.

CCAT1 promotes the survival and metastasis of H1299 cells, while miR-490 has the opposite effect.The CCAT1/miR-490 molecular axis has been shown to be important for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

We found that exosomal miR-3180-3p suppressed NSCLC progression and also identified a miR-3180-3p target gene.

This report provides a new treatment for bronchopleural fistula following surgical resection of the dorsal segment of the left lower lobe.

Oligometastasic cases in small cell lung cancer are rare, however, it is necessary to investigate the suspected lesions to consider the possibility of oligometastasis.

Tongue metastasis from malignant pleural mesothelioma is rare and only a few cases have previously been documented. Here, we report a patient with MPM who presented with simultaneous tongue metastasis and review the relevant literature.

We describe a patient who had heterogeneous TIME between primary and metastatic carcinoid tumors which differentially responded to chemoimmunotherapy. CD8+ T cell infiltration was detected in PD-L1-positive primary lung tumor nest, however, which was mostly restrained in the stroma in a PD-L1-negative metastatic scapular tumor. This study may provide new insights into the mechanism of primary resistance to chemoimmunotherapy in pulmonary carcinoid tumors.

Pulmonary recurrence from endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EA) after more than 20 years is extremely rare. We report a case of pulmonary metastasis with coexisting pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma 20 years after surgery for primary EA. Late pulmonary recurrence of EA (even after >20 years) should be considered during treatment planning for even early-stage EA, and surgeons should consider aggressive resection based on this possibility.

Askin's tumor is a kind of aggressive tumor and extremely rare. To date, the treatment is uncodified and the prognosis for patients with this tumor remains bleak. Herein we report a case of a giant Askin's tumor in the chest wall that following diagnosis was successfully treated with surgical resection.