Graphical summary of current recommendations for functional dyspepsia as per the ESNM consensus of 2021.

The Spanish version of the esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety score shows strong psychometric properties: Results of a large prospective multicenter study in Spain and Latin America.

AC3 deficiency caused atrophy in the colonic mucosal neural network of mice.

Model for the role of electrogenic Na⁺/HCO₃⁻ cotransport by NBCe1 in slow-wave generation by Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC). Transport of extracellular HCO₃⁻ results in membrane potential (Em) hyperpolarization, and faster, more frequent slow waves probably by increasing intracellular pH and altering Ca²⁺ handling in ICC.

TRPM8 expressed on dendritic cell types can be modulated by icilin to reduce inflammatory cytokine release in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. These data suggest neuro-immune pathways are important in IBS disease modulation.

Compared with sham, across time, both 70 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and full-spectrum transcranial random noise stimulation at 1.5 mA for 10 min produced increases in cortical excitability for the pharynx in the conditioned (stimulated) hemisphere (F[1,14] = 9.065, *p = 0.005 and F[1,14] = 5.394, *p = 0.027, respectively), with increases in pharyngeal motor evoked amplitudes of up to +77 ± 24% and +59 ± 30%, respectively. By contrast, 10 Hz tACS appeared to slightly suppress pharyngeal cortical excitability, with a trend to decreased pharyngeal motor evoked amplitudes of −30 ± 7% whereas 20Hz tACS elicited no obvious changes in pharyngeal amplitudes.

Our case report highlights a comprehensive and stepwise approach to the diagnosis of dysphagia lusoria. This rare and difficult-to-treat disease may not have been identified without the utilization of high-resolution impedance manometry to detect relevant high-pressure vascular abnormality.

In this study, Losa/Manz et al. investigated whether visceral sensitivity, anxiety, and depression levels are altered in patients with non-erosive reflux disease as well as in patients with functional esophageal disorders, namely reflux hypersensitivity and functional heartburn, as compared to healthy volunteers. The findings presented here are in line with the disease concept of disorders of gut-brain interaction in which psychological comorbidities and visceral hypersensitivity play a major role.

We compared the efficacy of a low FODMAP diet to usual dietary advice in patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in a randomized trial. After 4 weeks of diet, low FODMAP diet and usual dietary advice showed similar but limited beneficial effects on symptoms.

Children with severe nausea and vomiting treated with gastric electrical stimulation experienced significant improvement in their symptoms and ability to tolerate oral nutrition. The use of tube feeding and parenteral nutrition decreased from 73% at baseline to 30% at the most recent follow-up. *denotes p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 when compared to baseline.

Mean fold differences in candidate gene mRNA expression in antrum (EDN1, PTGES3) and duodenum (HTR1A, P2Y1, SCN3A) biopsies from patients (collapsed across PDS, EPS, PDS+EPS, and EoE) with pain versus those reporting no pain at the time of diagnosis. C_q values of each gene of interest were normalized to the average C_q values of 3 housekeeping genes (GAPDH, ACTB, and B2M) resulting in a ^ΔC_q for each sample. ^ΔΔC_q calculated by normalizing ^ΔC_q from each sample to the average ^ΔC_q for healthy control subjects with EoE as the only pain-free clinical diagnosis. Fold differences in expression are presented as mean ± SEM. Significant differences between groups analyzed with independent samples t test (p < 0.01). * = p < 0.001.

Applying those hourly decrement thresholds led to identification of a new diagnostic abnormality, the entity of late onset rapid gastric emptying (LRGE), which can contribute to post prandial symptoms.

Diagnostic pathway for esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO). Abbreviations: IRP, integrated relaxation pressure; TBE, timed barium esophagram.