The Spanish version of the esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety score shows strong psychometric properties: Results of a large prospective multicenter study in Spain and Latin America
Corresponding Author
Daniel Cisternas
Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Correspondence
Daniel Cisternas, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Avenida Vitacura 5951, Santiago 6681920, Chile.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorTiffany Taft
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDustin A. Carlson
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEsteban Glasinovic
Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorHugo Monrroy
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorPaula Rey
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorAlbis Hani
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorAndres Ardila-Hani
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorAna Maria Leguizamo
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorClaudio Bilder
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorAndres Ditaranto
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorAmanda Varela
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorJoaquin Agotegaray
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorJose Maria Remes-Troche
Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
Search for more papers by this authorAntonio Ruiz de León
Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJulio Pérez de la Serna
Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorIngrid Marin
Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJordi Serra
Digestive System Research Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Daniel Cisternas
Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Correspondence
Daniel Cisternas, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Avenida Vitacura 5951, Santiago 6681920, Chile.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorTiffany Taft
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDustin A. Carlson
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEsteban Glasinovic
Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorHugo Monrroy
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorPaula Rey
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorAlbis Hani
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorAndres Ardila-Hani
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorAna Maria Leguizamo
San Ignacio Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorClaudio Bilder
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorAndres Ditaranto
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorAmanda Varela
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorJoaquin Agotegaray
Hospital Universitario, Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorJose Maria Remes-Troche
Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
Search for more papers by this authorAntonio Ruiz de León
Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJulio Pérez de la Serna
Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorIngrid Marin
Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJordi Serra
Digestive System Research Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorFunding
No funding declared.
Abstract
Background
Anxiety is a significant modulator of sensitivity along the GI tract. The recently described Esophageal Hypervigilance and Anxiety Score (EHAS) evaluates esophageal-specific anxiety. The aims of this study were as follows: 1. translate and validate an international Spanish version of EHAS. 2. Evaluate its psychometric properties in a large Hispano-American sample of symptomatic individuals.
Methods
A Spanish EHAS version was developed by a Delphi process and reverse translation. Patients referred for high-resolution manometry (HRM) were recruited prospectively from seven Spanish and Latin American centers. Several scores were used: EHAS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Eckardt score (ES), Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire (GERDQ), and the Brief Esophageal Dysphagia Questionnaire (BEDQ). Standardized psychometric analyses were performed.
Key Results
A total of 443 patients were recruited. Spanish EHAS showed excellent reliability (Cronbach´s alpha = 0.94). Factor analysis confirmed the presence of two factors, corresponding to the visceral anxiety and hypervigilance subscales. Sufficient convergent validity was shown by moderate significant correlations between EHAS and other symptomatic scores. Patients with high EHAS scores had significantly more dysphagia. There was no difference in EHAS scores when compared normal vs abnormal or major manometric diagnosis.
Conclusions and Inferences
A widely usable Spanish EHAS version has been validated. We confirm its excellent psychometric properties in our patients, confirming the appropriateness of its use in different populations. Our findings support the appropriateness of evaluating esophageal anxiety across the whole manometric diagnosis spectrum.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
No competing interests declared.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author (DC), upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
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| nmo14102-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord document, 20.7 KB | Supplementary Material |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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