We investigated the biological activity of a natural variant of the Helicobacter pylori CagA oncoprotein that lost CM sequence. This is the first report demonstrating the presence of a natural CagA variant that cannot interact with PAR1b and therefore cannot disrupt epithelial cell polarity. Furthermore, SHP2-binding activity of the CagA variant was quite weak due to its inability to interact with PAR1b.

Consistent with other reports, our results illustrate the fact that SMARCB1 is the primary gene implicated in the pathogenesis of MRT. Although frequencies of recurrent genetic changes other than SMARCB1 locus were low, our findings suggest that CNTNAP2 is one of the potential second gene targets for MRT.

Our results shed the light on the significance of cancer heterogeneities and the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal-transitioned cancer cells within tumor microenvironment in promoting metastatic disease through WNT-dependent mechanism.

5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is activated in the process of EGF-induced cell migration, and that leukotriene C4 (LTC4) produced by 5-LOX mediated Rac1 activation and cell migration. LTC4-mediated CysLT1 signaling regulates Tiam1 expression which is required for Rac1 activation.

This study found that long-term exposure of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562 cells to BCR/ABL thyrosine kinase inhibirors (TKIs) caused drug-resistance in association with an increase in levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and a decrease in levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-217. Ph+ leukemia cells acquire TKI-resistance via downregulation of miR-217 and upregulation of DNMT3A. Inhibition of DNMT3A by forced expression of miR-217 or 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine may be useful to prevent drug resistance in individuals who receive TKIs.

Fluorescence life time imaging (FLTI) is a new optical imaging technology for depicting cancer using molecular targeting imaging probe. FLTI can detect cancer by fluorescence lifetime even without sufficient contrast on photon intensity in fluorescence images, therefore, FLTI can be another new eye of surgeons or endoscopy physicians for finding cancer even under high auto-fluorescence background or in the bloody fluid/ascites.

The NES within CALM is sufficient for leukemic transformation by CALM-AF10.

Reoxygenation from chronic hypoxia enhances expression of GLI1, a marker of Hedgehog signal activation. Ac-H cells, Acute-hypoxic cells; Ch-H-R cells, Chronic-hypoxia-resistant cells.

TMEPAI is constitutively expressed in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Knockdown of TMEPAI significantly reduced tumorigenic activities of these cells.

This Phase I dose-escalation study demonstrate that the pan-PI3K inhibitor buparlisib has a manageable safety profile, favorable pharmacokinetics, and has shown preliminary signs of antitumor activity in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors. The recommended dose of 100 mg/day will be used in future studies of buparlisib.