MicrobiologyOpen

We compared microbiota changes following antibiotic treatment in two preclinical models of the human GI microbiota, minibioreactor arrays (MBRAs) and human microbiota associated mice (^HMAmice). MBRAs and ^HMAmice were colonized with feces from 12 or 3 healthy humans, respectively, before treatment with each of 12 or 6 antibiotics.

Lipid profiling using routine MALDI-TOF MS can serve as effective biomarkers for distinguishing Klebsiella species.

This systematic review provides an up-to-date profile of tracheostomy and endotracheal tube microbiomes, with Pseudomonas emerging as the most prevalent genus overall. Microbial profiles were equivalent whether identified by tracheal aspiration or direct culture, supporting aspiration as a reliable, noninvasive approach for biofilm assessment without requiring extubation.

A schematic representation depicting various mechanisms of plant growth promotion by fungal endophytes present in different parts of the plant. Fungal endophytes are present in various parts of the plant, including leaves, stems, and most abundantly in roots. In each of these niches, they promote plant growth through several mechanisms, such as nutrient absorption, hormonal stimulation, nitrogen fixation, iron uptake, and phosphate solubilization. Additionally, they aid in biostimulation and biocontrol mechanisms.

The optimal culture medium formula and fermentation process of Bifidobacterium longum HSBL001 were determined, and the fermentation level reached 1.17 × 10¹⁰ colony-forming units/mL, which lays a foundation for the industrial application of B. longum.

This study highlights the potential of Rhynchophorus phoenicis larvae as an alternative infection model for evaluating host–pathogen interactions and the synergistic effects of combined antimicrobial therapies using antibiotics and biosurfactants.

Multilocus sequence typing of 34 Candida tropicalis clinical isolates from Korea revealed three novel sequence types and evidence of genetic recombination. These findings highlight the ongoing genetic diversification and underscore the need for integrated genomic surveillance of emerging antifungal-resistant strains.

Colistin-resistance diagnostics that are efficient, affordable, easy to use, with quicker turnaround times are important for surveillance and control of resistance. The in-house Rapid NP test has very major errors but is both affordable and fast, with 92.16% sensitivity and 96.00% specificity. In descending order, the Vitek 2, ComASP colistin, Sensititre, and MicroScan had high efficiencies and a turnaround time of 18–24 h. CHROMAgar COL-APSE was more efficient in A. baumannii than Enterobacterales, with significant rates of major and very major errors.

This study determined the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in seafood samples in Bangladesh. The findings also indicated that ESBL-EC showed higher phenotypic resistance profiles and contained ESBL-related resistance genes.

This study explores how iron deficiency (ID) affects Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) under laboratory conditions induced by the iron chelator 2,2'-Bipyridyl (BP). L. reuteri showed no significant changes, whereas E. coli experienced reduced growth and altered bioelectric properties with increased cell depolarization. A mathematical model confirmed lower reproduction rates in E. coli due to ID. These findings underscore the diverse responses of gut bacteria to ID, offer insights into potential links with microbiota-gut-brain disorders, and emphasize the need for targeted interventions in iron-deficient populations.

Microbiological quality/safety of frass from black soldier fly larvae and yellow mealworm production, before/after heat treatment and/or storage is determined by insect species, frass origin and bacterial load.

Delayed preservation of marine invertebrates during field sampling may impact microbiome characterization. Here, we show that a 3-h preservation delay decreased microbiome richness in the ascidian Trididemnum solidum; however, menthol addition mitigated diversity loss and overall microbiome composition was not significantly altered, as dominant taxa remained intact. Thus, we report minimal impacts of short-term preservation delay on ascidian microbiomes and show that the common practice of menthol treatment before preservation can counteract minor microbiome shifts associated with processing delays.

Obligate symbioses present challenges for functional genetic analysis. This study shows that antisense inhibition cannot be used to investigate gene functions in the aquatic symbiosis between Bodo saltans and its bacterial symbiont. Our work stresses the importance of the development of alternative protocols to study the biology of both the microeukaryote and the associated bacterium.

A total of 167/394 (42.4%) raccoons were positive for Candidatus Neoehrlichia procyonis. Spatial variation was noted with higher prevalences in the Southeast region of the United States and in California. Ca. N. procyonis is widespread in raccoon populations, but the spatial variation in prevalence may be related to vector distribution or another factor.

Quorum quenching and quorum sensing inhibitors show significant potential in regulating bacterial quorum sensing systems and have been widely applied across various fields, including cancer treatment, antimicrobial resistance, marine management, microplastic reduction, hydrogel technology, and nanomaterials development.