Sugarcane leaf return and mixing weakens the runoff and sediment production process on the red soil slope, and suppresses slope erosion.

Experimental design showing electrode layout and recorded spectral induced polarization (SIP) data. The left half of the zoomed-in region shows the equilibrium state with no applied electrical field. The right half shows the situation whereby an electrical field causes the cations to migrate on the surface of mineral grains; a phenomena which can be measured with the SIP instrumentation.

The vertical and lateral subsurface architecture of a deeply weathered lateritic Critical Zone situated above Archean granite in Western Australia is revealed and enhanced through the combination of two complementary near-surface geophysical methodologies – electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) passive seismic.

The structure of a hillslope transect in the Piedmont was explored with a ridge borehole, as well as shallow bedrock boreholes at the toe of the slope and valley. Differing dominant control mechanisms on deep bedrock weathering and saprolite initiating reactions may explain the thickness and structure of this critical zone.

We investigate precursors to the 2021 Chamoli rock–ice avalanche in Uttarakhand, India, using radon and seismic signals. Through our analysis, we depict the dynamic changes within the source region, describing factors contributing to the avalanche. By examining recorded signals, we reconstructed dynamic nucleation phases, identified factors influencing wedge failure, and elucidated rock failure mechanisms. Utilizing a schematic model, we depict a complete process chain of the ice–rock avalanche. This integrated approach offers insights into signal generation and source dynamics, enhancing understanding prior to critical failure.

Employing a multifaceted approach-including drilling, laboratory experiments, displacement monitoring, and discrete element numerical simulation-along with an improved stability evaluation method, the deformation and failure mechanisms of plane rotary landslides were delved into.

We studied Tamarix chinensis root features in six Yellow River delta communities by principal component and partial least square–structural equation modelling methods. The result showed that the geographical locations indirectly influence root features, with the Yellow River's proximity primarily affecting them through groundwater and coastal distance influencing via soil sand content and salinity.

Thermal and water processes within the active layer of a rock glacier, using the COUP model. Estimated active layer thickness of 5.2 m at 4012 m a.s.l. The active layer remained unsaturated.

Effects of 0% biochar (C1), 1% biochar (C3), 2% biochar (C4), 3% biochar (C5) under ryegrass and 0% biochar (C2), 1% biochar (C6), 2% biochar (C7) and 3% biochar (C8) under Festuca arundinacea on sandy loam soil infiltrations were modelled with ‘bare soil + 0% biochar’ as the control (CK).

The modeling framework has low parameter requirements and good predictions, addressing the scarcity of sediment information in this vital area. Maximum elevation, specific catchment area, and drainage area jointly determine the sediment delivery ratio. Local steepness and sparse landcover were the primary cause of high erosion.

We implemented stable water isotopes into a parsimonious model to partition water fluxes in the critical zone. Green water fluxes were highest at forest, and blue water fluxes were highest at grassland. Our study illustrated the potential of stable water isotope data to contribute to simplified ecohydrological modelling and identifying model consistency.

Gully headcut erosion is a compositional cyclic process dominated by mixed hydraulic and gravity erosion. Hydraulic properties change with the erosion process, which in turn affects sediment deposition processes throughout the system.Therefore, the effect of five different gully headcut heights (25–125 cm) on the hydrodynamic properties and energy consumption characteristics was investigated.

The dyed morphological parameters confirmed the existence of preferential flow through colluvial deposits. The development of preferential flow was closely related to the deposit accumulation time. Soil particle composition (gravel content in particular) has the greatest influence on the formation of colluvium preferential flow.

Loess–paleosol sequences display records of past climate events. Neoformation of iron oxides was closely related to pedogenesis degree. More crystalline Fe oxides were found in soils corresponding to warm interglacial periods. We detected many variations in abundance of Fe pools characterizing climate fluctuations that occurred in a short period of time. We demonstrated that measurements of Fe pools with dating techniques, morphological development indices, and magnetic susceptibility can be useful for tracing iron evolution in the Earth's critical zone.