Associations between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and risk of maternal type 2 diabetes: An observational cohort study
胎次、流产及母乳喂养时间与2型糖尿病风险的关系:一项观察性队列研究
Yanan Huo
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorLihong Cheng
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorChenxiu Wang
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorYing Deng
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorRuying Hu
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLixin Shi
Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China
Search for more papers by this authorQin Wan
The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLulu Chen
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorTianshu Zeng
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXuefeng Yu
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXulei Tang
The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLi Yan
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuijun Qin
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGang Chen
Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuixia Wang
The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
Search for more papers by this authorFeixia Shen
The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorZuojie Luo
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Search for more papers by this authorYingfen Qin
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Search for more papers by this authorQiang Li
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhen Ye
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorYinfei Zhang
Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYufang Bi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorJieli Lu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorMian Li
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorMin Xu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYu Xu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorTiange Wang
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhiyun Zhao
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuhong Chen
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorHongyan Qi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuanyue Zhu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorChunyan Hu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorQing Su
Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
Search for more papers by this authorChao Liu
The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorYoumin Wang
Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
Search for more papers by this authorShengli Wu
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for more papers by this authorTao Yang
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorHuacong Deng
The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJiajun Zhao
Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorYiming Mu
Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuang Ning
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorWeiqing Wang
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Anhua Lin
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Correspondence
Anhua Lin, Department of Endocrinology,Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China, 330006.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorfor the REACTION Group
Search for more papers by this authorYanan Huo
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorLihong Cheng
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorChenxiu Wang
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorYing Deng
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Search for more papers by this authorRuying Hu
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLixin Shi
Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China
Search for more papers by this authorQin Wan
The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLulu Chen
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorTianshu Zeng
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXuefeng Yu
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXulei Tang
The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorLi Yan
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuijun Qin
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGang Chen
Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuixia Wang
The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
Search for more papers by this authorFeixia Shen
The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorZuojie Luo
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Search for more papers by this authorYingfen Qin
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Search for more papers by this authorQiang Li
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhen Ye
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorYinfei Zhang
Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYufang Bi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorJieli Lu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorMian Li
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorMin Xu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYu Xu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorTiange Wang
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhiyun Zhao
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuhong Chen
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorHongyan Qi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuanyue Zhu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorChunyan Hu
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorQing Su
Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
Search for more papers by this authorChao Liu
The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorYoumin Wang
Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
Search for more papers by this authorShengli Wu
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for more papers by this authorTao Yang
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorHuacong Deng
The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJiajun Zhao
Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorYiming Mu
Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorGuang Ning
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorWeiqing Wang
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Anhua Lin
Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Correspondence
Anhua Lin, Department of Endocrinology,Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China, 330006.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorfor the REACTION Group
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information: The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 2016YFC0901205, 2016YFC1304904, 2016YFC1305202, 2016YFC1305600, 2017YFC1310700, 2018YFC1311705, 2018YFC1311800
Abstract
enBackground
Parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration were found to be associated with diabetes. However, the results are inconsistent. Also, no epidemiological studies have examined the association of these reproductive factors with diabetes in the same large population. We aim to investigate the associations between parity, pregnancy loss, breastfeeding duration, and the risk of maternal diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese females.
Methods
We included 131 174 females aged ≥40 years from the REACTION study (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals: A Longitudinal Study). Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess the association between parity, pregnancy loss, and breastfeeding duration and type 2 diabetes.
Results
The number of parities and breastfeeding duration were positively related to fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postload glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Compared with those with one birth, nulliparous women or women with 2 or ≥3 births had a significantly increased risk of diabetes. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.27 (1.10-1.48), 1.17 (1.12-1.22), and 1.28 (1.21-1.35), respectively. Compared with women without pregnancy loss, those who underwent 2 (OR 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14) or ≥3 pregnancy losses (OR 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18) had an increased risk of diabetes. Moreover, women with a breastfeeding duration ≥0 to 6 months (OR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75-0.90) and ≥6 to 12 months (OR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99) had a significantly lower risk of diabetes.
Conclusions
Nulliparous women or women with multiparity or more than one pregnancy loss have an increased risk of diabetes in later life, while women who breastfeed more than 0 to 12 months have a lower risk of diabetes.
摘要
zh背景
胎次、流产和母乳喂养时间被认为与糖尿病风险相关, 但相关研究结果并不一致。此外, 尚无流行病学研究在同一人群中评估这些生育因素与糖尿病的相关性。本文旨在研究中国中老年女性的胎次、流产、母乳喂养时间与未来2型糖尿病风险之间的关系。
方法
本研究纳入REACTION(中国2型糖尿病患者肿瘤发生风险)研究中131174名年龄≥40岁的女性, 采用多元线性回归分析和logistic回归分析评估胎次、流产和母乳喂养时间与2型糖尿病风险之间的关系。
结果
胎次数和母乳喂养时间与空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白及胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估呈正相关。与生育1胎的妇女相比, 未生育妇女或生育2胎或≥3胎的妇女患糖尿病的风险显著增加, 优势比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)分别为1.27(1.10-1.48)、1.17(1.12-1.22)和1.28(1.21-1.35)。与没有流产的女性相比, 经历2次(OR 1.09；95% CI, 1.04-1.14)或≥3次流产(OR 1.11；95% CI, 1.04-1.18)的女性, 糖尿病风险显著增加。 此外, 母乳喂养时间0 ~6个月(OR 0.82；95% CI, 0.75-0.90)和6 ~12个月(OR 0.94；95% CI, 0.89-0.99)的妇女, 糖尿病风险显著降低。
结论
未生育、多胎或不止一次流产的妇女糖尿病风险增加, 而母乳喂养0~12个月妇女, 糖尿病的风险较低。
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jdb13176-sup-0001-FigureS1.docWord document, 50.5 KB | Figure S1 Flow chart of study participants. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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