It has been reported that hydrogen gas exerts its therapeutic effect in a wide range of disease condition from acute illness such as ischemia reperfusion injury, shock, damage healing to chronic illness such as metabolic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of hydrogen gas have been proposed, but the molecular target of hydrogen gas has not been identified. We established the Center for Molecular Hydrogen Medicine to promote nonclinical and clinical research on medical use of hydrogen gas through industry-university collaboration and to obtain regulatory approval of hydrogen gas and hydrogen medical devices (http://www.karc.keio.ac.jp/center/center-55.html). Studies performed by the Center have suggested possible therapeutic effects of hydrogen gas in relation to various aspects of emergency and critical care medicine, including acute myocardial infarction, cardiopulmonary arrest syndrome, contrast-induced acute kidney injury, and hemorrhagic shock.

This is a review of the scope and burden of emergency general surgery in the USA and a discussion of how to improve surgical outcomes in this population.

A nationwide multicenter retrospective observational study, named the Japan Septic Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (JSEPTIC DIC) study, was undertaken. The results of the JSEPTIC DIC study indicated that: (i) anticoagulant therapy may be effective in sepsis-induced DIC patients at high risk for death, (ii) recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin administration and antithrombin supplementation are associated with survival benefits in patients with sepsis-induced DIC

Smaller superior mesenteric vein sign on acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion.

The quality of dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DACPR) performed by lay rescuers can be suboptimal. We conducted a DACPR simulation study as if a lay rescuer happens to encounter a cardiac arrest situation and observed how they perform CPR under dispatch instruction.

In this multicenter retrospective observational study, we evaluated the quality of care for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in Japan. This study revealed that most patients with S. aureus bacteremia (101/108; 86%) were treated inadequately.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is usually resistant to treatment, but ARDS lacking common risk factors sometimes shows responsiveness to corticosteroid treatment. We found that the low percentage of consolidation/(ground-glass attenuation + consolidation) on chest computed tomography scans was associated with a significant increase in 60-day survival in patients with ARDS lacking common risk factors.

Preoperative fluid restriction for trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock did not improve mortality, but decreased ventilator days.

This single-center retrospective study investigated the incidence and timing of delayed undesirable events. The aim was to establish the advisable timing of follow-up imaging and appropriate admission for observation or disposition of patients with blunt visceral organ injuries.

TTSS, Severe GCS (≤8) or flail chest may be independent risk factors, and combining the 3 risk factors may provide high predictive performance for PMV.

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare clinical condition characterized by infected internal jugular vein thrombosis with metastatic septicemia caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. We experienced a patient with Lemierre's syndrome that presented as acute pancreatitis.

A 51-year-old man with schizophrenia, who was found to have numerous coins in the esophagus and stomach, underwent an emergency operation for peritonitis. A few cases regarding coin pica have been reported. This case was the first showing gastric perforation and the largest number of ingested coins.

This figure shows spinal epidural hematoma. We performed hematoma removal and decompression by corpectomy from the front of C3-5.

Our article reports a rare case of a patient that developed transient agranulocytosis after receiving a contrast medium for abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography. We diagnosed the patient with idiosyncratic agranulocytosis that was induced by the contrast medium, which is a rare phenomenon.

Electrocardiogram, coronary angiogram and descending aorta angiogram at hospital admission.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) associated with Clostridium butyricum in adults has not been reported previously. This is a case of a Japanese man who developed C. butyricum-related NEC during hospitalization for treatment for a penetrating injury and concomitant pneumonia. This study suggested that hospitalized adults patients receiving antibiotics are at risk for NEC.

We report a novel variant of CYB5R3 gene congential methemoglobinemia deteriorated after methylene blue treatment.