Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a type of cancer originating from the pleura with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis, Laboratory biomarkers have significant advantages of reduced invasiveness, low cost, and are observer-independent, and therefore represent a promising diagnostic tool for MPM. Here, we reviewed the diagnostic value of microRNA for MPM.

The high costs of surgery make the early stages of the disease no less expensive than the advanced stages. An estimation of the direct costs of care is fundamental in order to orient the decisions of policy-makers regarding the allocation of resources.

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical outcome of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) versus open lobectomy for pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer (pN2 NSCLC) using a large cohort of Chinese patients in real world conditions. VATS lobectomy might be a feasible alternative for pN2 NSCLC.

Whether adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the survival of patients with stage IB–IIA NSCLC, according to the eighth edition of the AJCC TNM staging system, remains unclear. We reviewed our database and found that patients with VPI in the 3 < tumor ≤ 4 cm subgroup may benefit from ACT.

ASCL1 expression is positively correlated with neuroendocrine signatures, pTNM stage, nerve invasion and OS. ASCL1 may serve as a potential biomarker to predict prognosis as well as to select patients for therapies targeting ASCL1-regulated downstream molecules.

SEMS placement improved the quality of life (QOL) in patients with malignant central airway stenosis and tracheobronchial fistulas. Patients with a malignant airway stenosis are usually terminal, but the possibility of longer survival rates will become a reality with new efficient therapies.

Lung cancer patients with COVID-19 have high in-hospital mortality with unique early symptoms and imaging features. Prolonged PT and elevated hs-TNI are independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality of lung cancer patients with COVID-19. They may be used to help clinicians predict prognosis at an early stage for lung cancer patients with COVID-19.

We describe a metagenome association study in lung cancer patients that analyzed the influence of the gut microbiome on chemotherapy outcomes, which is the first report of these associations. We found that certain specific bacterial species were associated with chemotherapy efficacy or lack thereof, and clinical indicators. Moreover, we showed an association between bacterial metabolic pathways and clinical outcomes. Our results indicate that certain bacterial species can be used as biomarkers for prediction of chemotherapy efficacy in lung cancer.

TMEM107 expression is lower in NSCLC tissues and correlates with poor prognosis. TMEM107 inhibits EMT and invasion by negatively regulating Hedgehog signaling in NSCLC cells.

This study revealed all clinical courses for NSCLC patients with uncommon EGFR mutations. In addition to EGFR-TKIs, cytotoxic chemotherapy (CCT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) contributed to long-term disease control in this cohort.

Immunological and nutritional markers could be useful for predicting the outcomes of first-line chemoimmunotherapy for Japanese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Overall survival was significantly associated with the pretreatment values for the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and advanced lung cancer inflammation index, as well as the prognostic nutrition index at the end of induction therapy.

In our paper, we retrospectively analyzed the changes in antiacetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab) titer before and after thymectomy and the clinical features of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis (TAMG) patients in order to identify clinical and serological predictors of thymoma recurrence. Our study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach among Neurologists, Oncologists and Thoracic Surgeons, and identifies subgroups of MG patients with high risk of thymoma recurrence who therefore need a more accurate follow-up.

Although dacomitinib is a standard therapeutic option for patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its efficacy in patients with CNS lesions is unclear. Here, we describe a case of EGFR-mutant NSCLC with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis that was successfully treated with dacomitinib.

A case of generalized herpes zoster and cutaneous metastasis found in a lung cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is an extremely rare anomaly characterized by a left-to-right reversal of all the thoracic and abdominal organs. Only 11 cases of esophageal cancer with SIT have been reported worldwide, most of which underwent hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) but not total MIE. Here we report a case of esophageal cancer with SIT successfully treated by total MIE, with right lateral-prone position adopted during the thoracic procedure.

Our research group recently treated a 50-year-old female patient with multiple chemotherapy-resistant, poorly differentiated lung squamous cell carcinoma. After multiple treatment attempts and regression events, the patient was treated with apatinib, which resulted in the development of a novel mutation and treatment resistance. We believe that this report will be of interest to the readership because it expands the known repertoire of mutations that can occur in lung cancer after various treatments, particularly following treatment with apatinib.

This is the first reported case of repetitive localized endotracheal/endobronchial metastasis of primary lung adenocarcinoma with mild lymphatic invasion that occurred twice over a 20-year period after complete resection. Observation of the trachea/bronchus over a long period post operation could be important in monitoring for endotracheal/endobronchial metastasis, particularly if lymphatic invasion is confirmed in the primary tumor.

We modified the method of protection to reduce the exposure of health-care workers (droplets) without restricting operability during bronchoscopy. Our method is inexpensive, simple, utilizes disposable materials and prevents interpatient infections. Its routine use during transoral bronchoscopy may be considered due to its simplicity.