Leaves are the main photosynthetic organs in plants and leaf morphology varies greatly among species. This review summarizes genetic mechanisms that control leaf development, with an emphasis on the regulatory modules characterized in the simple- and compound-leafed species

Mass spectrometry is an essential tool in proteomics. Here, we describe the types of mass spectrometry-based methods that are currently used in to plant proteomics research.

In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the roles of the methylerythritol phosphate and mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathways in plant growth, development, and stress responses, with an emphasis on emergence of the mevalonate pathway in plants and how it may have facilitated plant adaptation to terrestrial environments.

Massively parallel 3' end RNA sequencing (MP3RNA-seq) can handle hundreds of samples in a single experiment, at a cost of about $6/sample for library construction and sequencing, making this method effective for high-throughput gene expression profiling and genotyping in most eukaryotes.

APUM24 regulates seed maturation through inhibiting the mRNA stability and translation of CULLIN3-based E3 ligase adaptor BTB/POZMATH family genes, which regulate the stability of the key seed-oil regulatory factor WRINKLED 1.

The microRNA miR319s play negative roles in regulating bud outgrowth and tiller number in rice by targeting the transcription factor genes OsTCP21 and OsGAMYB.

The sunflower family (Asteraceae, >26,000 species) is among the largest and most diverse plant families, but has vastly different species numbers among subfamilies. Molecular evolutionary analyses of 244 genome-wide datasets provide improved understanding of Asteraceae relationships and suggest links among global climate shifts, whole-genome duplications, morphological evolution and increased diversity.

Examination of circular RNAs in stem-differentiating xylem of Populus trichocarpa by integration of multi-omics data, including RNase R-treated RNA sequencing, DNA:RNA hybrid immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (DRIP-seq), and PacBio long-read isoform sequencing reveals circular RNAs associated with R-loop structures in regulating alternative splicing.

Deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying salvianolic acid B biosynthesis and the evolution of the Labiatae would greatly benefit from a better genome assembly. Our findings provide a valuable genomic resource for understanding salvianolic acid B biosynthesis, and will be useful for exploring the evolution of the Labiatae.

The MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure by functioning downstream of ETR1, CTR1, and H₂O₂ to interact with EIN2, thereby promoting the cleavage and nuclear localization of EIN2 CEND, leading to EIN3 accumulation and EIN3-dependent NO production in guard cells.

Alternative splicing of MaMYB16L generates two transcripts, the full-length isoform MaMYB16L and a truncated splice form MaMYB16S, which form a self-controlled regulatory loop to regulate banana fruit ripening by regulating the expression of many starch degradation-related genes and MaDREB2.

Farnesylation, a type of protein modification critical to the functions of certain proteins, negatively regulates the stability of BES1, one of the main transcription factors controlling brassinosteroid signal output.

Analysis of the crystal structure of the photosystem I-light harvesting complex I supercomplex from pea (Pisum sativum) at 2.4 Å resolution revealed the shift of Lhca4 away from the photosystem I core and the presence of five new lipids that are important for assembly and energy transfer in this supercomplex.

The RxLR effector Avh241 from Phytophthora sojae targets soybean Nonrace specific disease resistance 1 (GmNDR1) protein in the plasma membrane to contribute to pathogen virulence. GmNDR1 interacts with itself, and Avh241 probably disrupts GmNDR1 self-association, thus suppressing NDR1-dependent plant immunity.