The increase in IL-13Rα2 with IL-13 treatment activates ERK1/2, which is associated with IL-13-induced MUC5AC upregulation and impaired ciliary function in hNECs. IL-13-induced effects on hNECs could be attenuated either by ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or by dexamethasone treatment. IL-13Rα2 has a potential role in airway inflammation and aberrant remodeling.

(A) Initial frequency: Angioedema in the past 12 months was more frequently reported by CSU patients who completed the survey (65.8%) than recorded in the medical record (41.0%). (B) Revised frequency: Among all CSU patients, only 26.9% had no angioedema episodes at all. Of the 32.8% of patients with misaligned reporting of angioedema in the past 12 months, 97.2% reported having had angioedema, but it was not noted in the medical record. (C) Regression analysis: CSU patients with angioedema have significantly lower HRQoL than patients without angioedema*: least-squares mean DLQI total scores by angioedema category. *LS means are from an analysis of covariance model with covariates: angioedema classification, UAS7_TD score (continuous), age at enrolment (continuous), sex (male and female), country (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom), disease duration from diagnosis to enrolment (continuous) and comorbidities at enrolment (hypersensitivity to NSAIDs [yes/no], Hashimoto's [yes/no] and asthma [yes/no]). DLQI, Dermatology Life Quality Index; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SE, standard error; UAS7_TD = Urticaria Activity Score over 7 Days, twice-daily assessment.