• Issue

    Glia: Volume 66, Issue 12

    2527-2769
    December 2018
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ISSUE INFORMATION - TABLE OF CONTENTS

Free Access

Issue Information - Table of Contents

  • Pages: 2527-2529
  • First Published: 21 December 2018

REVIEW ARTICLE

Open Access

How to reprogram microglia toward beneficial functions

Marta Fumagalli,  Marta Lombardi,  Pierre Gressens,  Claudia Verderio, 
  • Pages: 2531-2549
  • First Published: 08 September 2018
How to reprogram microglia toward beneficial functions
Main Points

  • Key inflammatory pathways are fueled by glucose flux through glycolysis.
  • Anti-inflammatory miRNAs target metabolic genes.
  • Stem cells which redirect microglia towards protective function influence metabolism.

RESEARCH ARTICLES

Full Access

Microglial activation occurs late during preclinical Alzheimer's disease

Wolfgang J. Streit,  Heiko Braak,  Kelly Del Tredici,  Judith Leyh,  Julia Lier,  Habibeh Khoshbouei,  Christian Eisenlöffel,  Wolf Müller,  Ingo Bechmann, 
  • Pages: 2550-2562
  • First Published: 11 November 2018
Microglial activation occurs late during preclinical Alzheimer's disease
Main Points

  • Microglial activation is triggered when Aβ protein aggregates and forms insoluble amyloid.
  • Microglial activation is restricted to the immediate vicinity of amyloid.
  • Amyloid-induced neuroinflammation may lead to microglial exhaustion and dystrophy.

Full Access

HIV Tat causes synapse loss in a mouse model of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder that is independent of the classical complement cascade component C1q

Jennetta W. Hammond,  Wen Q. Qiu,  Daniel F. Marker,  Jeffrey M. Chamberlain,  Will Greaves-Tunnell,  Matthew J. Bellizzi,  Shao-Ming Lu,  Harris A. Gelbard, 
  • Pages: 2563-2574
  • First Published: 16 October 2018
HIV Tat causes synapse loss in a mouse model of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder that is independent of the classical complement cascade component C1q
Main Points

  • During HIV TAT induced neuroinflammation, C1q and C3 deposition correlates with a loss of synapses, infiltration of peripheral monocytes, and microglial activation. However, C1q is not required for the synapse elimination associated with HIV-1 Tat.

Full Access

Distinct patterns of glia repair and remyelination in antibody-mediated demyelination models of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica

Yiting Liu,  Katherine S. Given,  Gregory P. Owens,  Wendy B. Macklin,  Jeffrey L. Bennett, 
  • Pages: 2575-2588
  • First Published: 21 September 2018
Distinct patterns of glia repair and remyelination in antibody-mediated demyelination models of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Main Points

  • Recovery from MS or NMO damage induces distinct glia responses that result in differential effects on myelin repair in ex vivo models.
  • Astrocyte recovery is insufficient to drive oligodendrocyte maturation in NMO lesions.

Open Access

Regulatory role of oligodendrocyte gap junctions in inflammatory demyelination

Christos P. Papaneophytou,  Elena Georgiou,  Christos Karaiskos,  Irene Sargiannidou,  Kyriaki Markoullis,  Mona M. Freidin,  Charles K. Abrams,  Kleopas A. Kleopa, 
  • Pages: 2589-2603
  • First Published: 16 October 2018
Main Points

  • We induced EAE in WT, Cx32KO and Cx47KO mice.
  • EAE scores and pathological findings were exacerbated in Cx47KO more than in Cx32KO mice with dysregulation of several cytokines.
  • Loss of oligodendrocyte connexins has pro-inflammatory effects.

Full Access

Heterogeneity of the astrocytic AMPA-receptor transcriptome

Andrea Mölders,  Angela Koch,  Raphael Menke,  Nikolaj Klöcker, 
  • Pages: 2604-2616
  • First Published: 28 October 2018
Heterogeneity of the astrocytic AMPA-receptor transcriptome
Main Points

  • Developmental and regional heterogeneity of the astrocytic AMPAR transcriptome.
  • Workflow and first reference for dissecting the molecular heterogeneity of astrocytic AMPARs and for recapitulating their functional diversity.

Open Access

Olfactory ensheathing cells abutting the embryonic olfactory bulb express Frzb, whose deletion disrupts olfactory axon targeting

Constance A. Rich,  Surangi N. Perera,  Jacqueline Andratschke,  C. Claus Stolt,  Dennis P. Buehler,  E. Michelle Southard-Smith,  Michael Wegner,  Stefan Britsch,  Clare V. H. Baker, 
  • Pages: 2617-2631
  • First Published: 26 September 2018

Main Points

  • Frzb is expressed by olfactory ensheathing cells abutting the embryonic mouse olfactory bulb.
  • Frzb expression requires Sox10. Deletion of Frzb disrupts olfactory receptor neuron maturation, likely reflecting a defect in olfactory axon targeting.

Open Access

The miRNA biogenesis pathway prevents inappropriate expression of injury response genes in developing and adult Schwann cells

Deniz Gökbuget,  Jorge A. Pereira,  Lennart Opitz,  Dominik Christe,  Tobias Kessler,  Antonin Marchais,  Ueli Suter, 
  • Pages: 2632-2644
  • First Published: 08 October 2018
The miRNA biogenesis pathway prevents inappropriate expression of injury response genes in developing and adult Schwann cells
Main Points

  • Dgcr8 and Drosha drive radial sorting of axons and inhibit injury-response gene expression in developing peripheral nerves.
  • Abundant miRNAs in nerves are predicted to target injury-response genes.
  • Dgcr8 and Dicer are required for myelin maintenance.

Open Access

VISTA expression by microglia decreases during inflammation and is differentially regulated in CNS diseases

Malte Borggrewe,  Corien Grit,  Wilfred F. A. Den Dunnen,  Saskia M. Burm,  Jeffrey J. Bajramovic,  Randolph J. Noelle,  Bart J. L. Eggen,  Jon D. Laman, 
  • Pages: 2645-2658
  • First Published: 11 October 2018
VISTA expression by microglia decreases during inflammation and is differentially regulated in CNS diseases
Main Points

  • VISTA is abundantly expressed by microglia in the brain.
  • Microglial activation leads to decreased VISTA expression.
  • VISTA expression is differentially regulated during central nervous system disease including multiple sclerosis.

Full Access

Nuclear factor-kappaB regulates multiple steps of gliogenesis in the developing murine cerebral cortex

Laurent Methot,  Vincent Soubannier,  Robert Hermann,  Erin Campos,  Sally Li,  Stefano Stifani, 
  • Pages: 2659-2672
  • First Published: 19 October 2018
Nuclear factor-kappaB regulates multiple steps of gliogenesis in the developing murine cerebral cortex
Main Points

  • NF-κB is necessary and sufficient to delay cortical gliogenic commitment, thus contributing to the timing of the neurogenic-to-gliogenic switch.
  • After gliogenic commitment, NF-κB promotes astrocyte development and inhibits oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation.

Full Access

Blocking TNFα-driven astrocyte purinergic signaling restores normal synaptic activity during epileptogenesis

Ljiljana Nikolic,  Weida Shen,  Paola Nobili,  Anaïs Virenque,  Lauriane Ulmann,  Etienne Audinat, 
  • Pages: 2673-2683
  • First Published: 05 November 2018
Blocking TNFα-driven astrocyte purinergic signaling restores normal synaptic activity during epileptogenesis
Main Points

  • TNFα promotes astrocyte glutamate release via autocrine P2Y1 receptor-mediated signaling.
  • TNFα-P2Y1 astrocytic pathway drives abnormal synaptic activity in epilepsy and its blocking restores normal hippocampal excitatory synaptic activity.

Full Access

NG2 expression in NG2 glia is regulated by binding of SoxE and bHLH transcription factors to a Cspg4 intronic enhancer

Hitoshi Gotoh,  William M. Wood,  Kiran D. Patel,  Daniel C. Factor,  Linda L. Boshans,  Tadashi Nomura,  Paul J. Tesar,  Katsuhiko Ono,  Akiko Nishiyama, 
  • Pages: 2684-2699
  • First Published: 10 October 2018
NG2 expression in NG2 glia is regulated by binding of SoxE and bHLH transcription factors to a Cspg4 intronic enhancer
Main Points

  • A novel 1.45 kb intronic enhancer of the mouse Cspg4 gene regulates NG2 expression in NG2 glial cells but not pericytes in vivo.
  • SoxE and basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors bind to and activate the enhancer.

Full Access

Inhibition of hematopoietic cell kinase dysregulates microglial function and accelerates early stage Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology

Siok Lam Lim,  Diana Nguyen Tran,  Joannee Zumkehr,  Christine Chen,  Sagar Ghiaar,  Zanett Kieu,  Emmanuel Villanueva,  Victoria Gallup,  Carlos J. Rodriguez-Ortiz,  Masashi Kitazawa, 
  • Pages: 2700-2718
  • First Published: 12 September 2018
Inhibition of hematopoietic cell kinase dysregulates microglial function and accelerates early stage Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology
Main Points

  • Hck inhibition accelerates early stage AD-like pathology by dysregulating microglial function and inducing neuroinflammation.
  • Hck plays a prominent role in regulating microglial neuroprotective function during the early stage of AD development.

Full Access

Traumatic brain injury-induced neuronal damage in the somatosensory cortex causes formation of rod-shaped microglia that promote astrogliosis and persistent neuroinflammation

Kristina G. Witcher,  Chelsea E. Bray,  Julia E. Dziabis,  Daniel B. McKim,  Brooke N. Benner,  Rachel K. Rowe,  Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran,  Phillip G. Popovich,  Jonathan Lifshitz,  Daniel S. Eiferman,  Jonathan P. Godbout, 
  • Pages: 2719-2736
  • First Published: 30 October 2018
Traumatic brain injury-induced neuronal damage in the somatosensory cortex causes formation of rod-shaped microglia that promote astrogliosis and persistent neuroinflammation
Main Points

  • Diffuse TBI causes rod microglia to align with pyramidal dendrites in cortical regions containing axotomized neurons and astrogliosis.
  • Microglial elimination limits astrogliosis and ablates persistent inflammatory signaling in the cortex 7 dpi.

Full Access

Identification of novel regulatory partners of the glutamate transporter GLT-1

Dolores Piniella,  Elena Martínez-Blanco,  Ignacio Ibáñez,  David Bartolomé-Martín,  Eva Porlan,  Javier Díez-Guerra,  Cecilio Giménez,  Francisco Zafra, 
  • Pages: 2737-2755
  • First Published: 05 November 2018
Identification of novel regulatory partners of the glutamate transporter GLT-1
Main Points

  • By using a proximity labelling technique, we identified potential interactors of GLT-1.
  • Regulators of the cytoskeleton (Rac1 or BORG4) and signaling proteins (βγ subunits of heteromeric G-proteins) might regulate the activity glutamate transporters.

Full Access

Syncytial isopotentiality: A system-wide electrical feature of astrocytic networks in the brain

Conrad M. Kiyoshi,  Yixing Du,  Shiying Zhong,  Wei Wang,  Anne T. Taylor,  Bangyan Xiong,  Baofeng Ma,  David Terman,  Min Zhou, 
  • Pages: 2756-2769
  • First Published: 12 September 2018
Syncytial isopotentiality: A system-wide electrical feature of astrocytic networks in the brain
Main Points

  • Syncytial isopotentiality is a universal feature of astrocytes in the brain.
  • Syncytial Isopotentiality varies in strength in different brain regions.