New Zealand's Rangitata River, the same reach at 3 different dates: 1937 (on the left), 2016-2018 (in the middle), and after floods in 2019 (right). The river reverts to its former course at flood stage, expanding beyond its narrowed margins (Source: Brierley et al., 2023)

We present the first global scale inventory of fluvial bars based on Sentinel-2 imagery processed at a spatial resolution of 10 m with a deep learning and image processing workflow. We count 8.9 million gravel bars with an estimated area of 41 000 km².

Of the fifty-four coastal zone vegetation models reviewed, most were narrowly defined based on the system of interest and focused on plant-scale processes that predicted aboveground biomass growth rather than patch and community-scale processes such as competition. Most models have limited ability to simulate vegetation dynamics associated with climate change and management actions. Future models should adopt process-based approaches that explicitly account for both biotic and abiotic factors to better capture vegetation response to changes in environmental conditions.

Following the 8th International Symposium on Gully Erosion we propose an increased focus on research impact on gully management and prevention, by defining the consequences of gully erosion, enhancing collaboration, focusing on use by practitioners, and expanding monitoring and evaluation.

Remote sensing can be adapted for the lab to monitor the evolution of physical experiments without disrupting their processes. We review ways to deploy ‘remote sensing’ for experiments in fluvial geomorphology. We hope this paper will be helpful for experimentalists who want to collect data both continuously and cost-effectively.

• Studies on gully formation (red dots on map), badlands genesis (blue dots), gully and badlands mapping (aquamarine dots), their geomorphology (yellow dots), effects (green dots) and gully/badlands management (white dots) in India are discussed.
• While gully formation has largely been anthropogenically induced in India, her badlands have formed naturally in response to neotectonics and Holocene climate change.
• Morphologies of gullies and badlands vary prominently across the country, and they have been mapped and measured using a variety of methodological approaches, ranging from manual mapping, field surveys to semi-automatic approaches like machine learning.
• Gully erosion effects have been investigated across the country, though sporadically, but land management interventions have overwhelmingly been implemented in the badlands of Central and Western India.

Novel methodological advances in coastal dune and aeolian process research include holographic camera systems, sediment samplers, uncrewed aerial vehicles (drones), and photography-based sediment tracing. Large-scale studies of coastal dune mobility are an excellent reminder that dunes respond quickly to natural and/or human pressures and comprise part of the wider nearshore–beach–dune continuum. Conflicting dune management practices can equally perceive bare sand as good and/or bad; migrating dunes as good and/or bad; and fully vegetated, stable dunes as good and/or bad.

Parabolic dunes are ubiquitous on Earth and are particularly sensitive to climate changes. This global review presents a valuable database for predicting their future development. It shows that global atmospheric circulation governed their morphology and migration direction, thus aiding predictions and providing insights into paleoclimate conditions. Although aridification has triggered past dune activity during both warm and cold periods, recent activity is mostly linked with human disturbances, highlighting the need for management programs also in humid geographic zones.

A review of field and laboratory radio frequency identification (RFID) bedload tracing experiments is proposed, including a meta-analysis of data coming from 459 tracer surveys for a total of 125 study sites. RFID tracers open new avenues for exploring fluvial environments prone to rapid bedload dispersion. The most recent methodological developments based on active ultra-high frequency RFID tags show that it is now possible to conduct efficient bedload tracing experiments not only in small streams but also in large gravel-bed rivers or active braided channels.

Subglacial meltwater corridors (SMCs), corresponding to the geomorphological footprints of subglacial drainage routes, are populated by a variety of subglacial bedforms. In this study, we compile existing and new observations on SMC bedforms to identify typical bedform assemblages (i.e. tracts). We then propose a model where spatiotemporal changes in hydraulic connectivity, meltwater pressure and ice-bed coupling influence the evolution of subglacial processes, either dominated by bed deformation or by water erosion and deposition, along SMCs.

Biomineralized structures, such as bones or shells that are packaged within the organism or at the periphery of the organism, and extended products of genes, such as termite mounds that are unpackaged outside the organism, form a continuum of variation in relative dominance and functional integration of biotic and abiotic components. We revisit the basic premises of biogeomorphology with the proposition that the clear dichotomy geomorphologists and biologists traditionally establish between living and non-living components of biogeomorphological entities may be too limiting.

Floodplains in ephemeral stream corridors share temporary inundation with dry channels, yet variations in hydrologic, geomorphic and biotic characteristics lead to unique functions in overbank areas. Based on a synthesis of the prior literature, definitions of the floodplain boundary and extent were revisited, and distinct floodplain styles were identified. Ephemeral stream floodplains host hydrologic, geomorphic and biotic functions unique from the channel and uplands, which could be altered by future climate change, land use change or other anthropogenic stressors.

This work interrogates the literature on intermediate-scale Martian aeolian bedforms to enquire why terminology in this field has become more complex than aeolian research on Earth. We find that this complexity has emerged from an inductive research paradigm that contrasts with conventional abductive research structures on Earth. Differences between the two are addressed, and it is recommended that research simply cease using placeholder terms like ‘transverse aeolian ridge’ and ‘large Martian ripple’ to realign terrestrial and planetary research paradigms.

Large wood plays a crucial role in the form and function of gravel-bed rivers, controlling their physical and ecological integrity. However, large quantities of wood transported during floods can pose hazards, potentially damaging infrastructures. The instream wood regime, or budgeting, describes the cascading processes from supply to deposition, transport, and decay. We review recent advances in quantifying these components, such as wood supply and transfer, made through biogeochemistry, videography, artificial intelligence, and tracking.

Infilling rates in hollows were inferred from the calibrated radiocarbon ages of buried charcoal and pre-landslide soil depth estimated from the LIDAR digital elevation model (DEM). Infilling rates were extremely high at two hollows with intensive human impacts from the 17th to the early 20th century. In two hollows with limited human impacts, infilling rates tended to increase with increasing topographic curvature.

Response of soil erosion and nutrient loss on different wind directions in laboratory flume experiments.

Based on landslide inventory, historical landslides, and nonlandslides that are distinguished, train and test sets are divided into 7:3 (Stage A). An LSM model is constructed based on two algorithms, QLattice and RF, and evaluated based on indicators such as AUC, obtaining the optimal model for landslide prediction in the study area (Stage B). Stage C visualized the model and analysed the conditioning factors.

1. High tidal discharge tends to increase residual sediment transport and tide-induced erosion in the low-angle channel.
2. Low tidal discharges facilitate fluvial-induced bifurcation.
3. The conceptual model applies to river mouth channels where suspended sediment transport is dominant and influenced by angled incoming tides.

Few studies have constrained the magnitudes and timescales associated with large-scale drainage captures (areas >10³ km²). In this study, find that large-scale capture of the Zhada Basin has increased sediment supply to the Himalayan Sutlej River by 17%–29% since capture (735 ± 269 ka). We identify several tectonic or autogenic mechanisms that may have facilitated capture of and provide a framework to assess potential mechanical links between arc-parallel extension, large-scale drainage capture, orogenic wedge deformation and buffering of environmental signals.

An integrated remote sensing assessment of in-channel pattern development, incision and aggradation; lateral bank migration; and overbank sedimentation and scour by out-of-channel flows highlighted that that spatial impacts from such extreme events are highly localised, varied in kind. The approach determined the role of continuous riparian vegetation in maintaining bank stability but also to the potential influence of floodplain vegetation and planting for ‘natural engineering’ in the context of floodplains as well as channels.

Grain size proxies based on image texture and topographic roughness were computed from drone surveys of fluvial gravel bars. Proxies based on image texture better estimated grain sizes than did those based on topographic roughness.

In the counterclockwise hysteresis, the sediment concentration in the sediment fall section may be sufficient. If the sediment source is sufficient, there should be a time-lagged effect due to energy consumption during the movement. As the function relationship between flow and sediment concentration progresses forward, its R² will undergo a process of first increasing and then decreasing. The fitting relationship between sediment transport capacity and flow in the channel of the falling section is shown in the figure.

Differences in evolution characteristics between the L-MCBs and H-MCBs in the MYR were quantified. Impacts of both altered flow–sediment conditions and MCB's properties on the deformation of L-MCBs and H-MCBs were investigated.

Stream periphytons are candidate ecosystem engineers in proglacial margins. We demonstrate that the development of periphyton reduces bed roughness and clogs the benthic interstice space, reducing vertical water infiltration. The changes in streambed roughness modify the near-bed turbulent structures, and this results in a reduction of adverse bursting events and in the modification of the turbulent kinetic energy at the near-bed layer.

Cosmogenic ¹⁰Be exposure dating indicates that the depositional timing of large boulders in the Virginia Appalachians is between 10.8 ± 0.8 ka and 101.7 ± 6.9 ka. The correlation between measured boulder exposure ages and the Wisconsin Glacial Stage (~115–11.7) suggests a periglacial origin for the deposition of boulders. The absence of pre-Wisconsin ages suggests that periglacial hillslope processes allow the landscape to be resurfaced with large boulders during each return to cold climate conditions.

1. Two versions (Saint–Venant and Backwater) of sediment trapping model for check-dam was established and validated against laboratory data with high accuracy of bed profiles.
2. The model was incorporated in a distributed sediment yield model and was applicated to the Xiaoli River Basin with numerous check-dams. The hourly discharge and sediment concentration are simulated with high accuracy.
3. The Backwater version model predicts sediment trapping with both good accuracy and high computational efficiency and thus is an advanced check-dam sedimentation module.

Karst landforms are one of the typical geographical units with a specific physical process on the earth's surface. In this study, we proposed a method considering surface flow for karst landform classification. The proposed approach is validated and applied in two sample karst areas, Fenglin and Fengcong, located in Guilin, China. The results demonstrated that the karst landform units of Fenglin and Fengcong can be effectively classified. The proposed method can be extended to other landform types with complex landforms.

Since the early 1990s, sediment loads in the Red River system (Vietnam) have steadily reduced by approximately 91%. The Hoa Binh dam's impoundment in 1988 altered hydrological processes, changing their seasonality from clockwise to counterclockwise mode. This shift led to adjustments in rating curves. Notably, the dam effectively trapped 57.5% of sediments from 1989 to 2008 and 79% from 2009 to 2021, showcasing its success in sediment retention during these periods.

Remote detection of small-scale topographic variations (microtopography) in deglaciated landscapes using digital elevation models reveals patterns of surface water storage capacity that vary with slope and modern land cover.