Aspiration pneumonia remains an underdiagnosed and unestablished diagnosis. We propose the use of an algorithm (developed based on the JRS guidelines) to enable adequate management of older adults with pneumonia. When implemented in an acute setting, the algorithm enhanced the diagnosis of causative conditions, swallow screening, and preventative measures.

This study assessed the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compliance on acute exacerbations of COPD, symptoms and pulmonary function in patients with overlap syndrome (OS). In total, 59 patients (54 males) with OS were followed for 12 months and divided post hoc according to CPAP compliance into those with good (≥4 h CPAP use/night, n = 29) and those with poor (<4 h CPAP use/night, n = 30) CPAP compliance. COPD exacerbations decreased in patients with good CPAP compliance from baseline to 12 months (17 before vs. 5 after, p = 0.001), but not in those with poor compliance (15 before vs. 15 after, p = 1).

In the education component of pulmonary rehabilitation, people with bronchiectasis seek to obtain greater clarity on the underlying cause of their condition and its prognosis. Further knowledge about self-management strategies, treatment for extra-pulmonary symptoms and the role of exercise outside of pulmonary rehabilitation as part of management were also desired.

COPD is susceptible to aspergillus, and this review will summarise the diagnosis and treatment of IPA, CPA and aspergillus sensitisation in COPD patients.

High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) reduces the need for intubation in patients with hypoxaemic acute respiratory failure (ARF). Our data suggest that a trial of HFNC could be considered to increase chances of survival in patients with ARF due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonitis and a do-not-intubate (DNI) order, especially in those with a good WHO performance status.

The association between gender and clinical characteristics of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis was investigated in attempt to improve better management. Our findings demonstrate that significant disparities are found between the male group and the female group in terms of the clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis.