Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology

Original Article

Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood–brain barrier in rats via an anti-oxidant action

Corresponding Author

Hamdollah Panahpour

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

Correspondence: Hamdollah Panahpour, Associate Professor of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil 56197, Iran. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author

Gholam Abbas Dehghani,

Gholam Abbas Dehghani

Department of Physiology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

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Shahab Bohlooli,

Shahab Bohlooli

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

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Hamdollah Panahpour,

Corresponding Author

Hamdollah Panahpour

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

Gholam Abbas Dehghani,

Gholam Abbas Dehghani

Department of Physiology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

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Shahab Bohlooli,

Shahab Bohlooli

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

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First published: 28 January 2014

https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12210

Citations: 18

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Summary

In the present study, we investigated the effects of postischaemic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with enalapril on vasogenic oedema formation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity following transient focal cerebral ischaemia in rats.
Cerebral ischaemia was induced by 60 min occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery, followed by 24 h reperfusion. Vehicle and a non-hypotensive dose of enalapril (0.03 mg/kg) were administered at the beginning of the reperfusion period. A neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined for all rats at the end of the reperfusion period. Then, brain oedema formation was investigated using the wet–dry weight method and BBB permeability was evaluated on the basis of extravasation of Evans blue (EB) dye. In addition, oxidative stress was assessed by measuring reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain homogenates.
Inhibition of ACE by enalapril significantly reduced NDS and decreased brain oedema formation (P < 0.05 for both). Disruption of the BBB following ischaemia resulted in considerable leakage of EB dye into the brain parenchyma of the ipsilateral hemispheres of vehicle-treated rats. Enalapril significantly (P < 0.05) decreased EB extravasation into the lesioned hemisphere. Enalapril also augmented anti-oxidant activity in ischaemic brain tissue by increasing GSH concentrations and significantly (P < 0.05) attenuating the increased MDA levels in response to ischaemia.
In conclusion, inhibition of ACE with a non-hypotensive dose of enalapril may protect BBB function and attenuate oedema formation via anti-oxidant actions.

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Volume41, Issue3

March 2014

Pages 220-226

Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood–brain barrier in rats via an anti-oxidant action

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Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood–brain barrier in rats via an anti-oxidant action

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