RESEARCH MANUSCRIPT
Prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms among adults in Indonesia: A cross-sectional population-based national survey
Erni Astutik,
Atik Choirul Hidajah,
Tika Dwi Tama,
Ferry Efendi,
Chung-Yi Li,
Corresponding Author
Erni Astutik
Research Group for Health and Wellbeing of Women and Children, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Correspondence Erni Astutik, Research Group for Health and Wellbeing of Women and Children, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAtik Choirul Hidajah
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorTika Dwi Tama
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorFerry Efendi
Department of Community Health and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Visiting Fellow, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorChung-Yi Li
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Department and Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorErni Astutik,
Atik Choirul Hidajah,
Tika Dwi Tama,
Ferry Efendi,
Chung-Yi Li,
Corresponding Author
Erni Astutik
Research Group for Health and Wellbeing of Women and Children, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Correspondence Erni Astutik, Research Group for Health and Wellbeing of Women and Children, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAtik Choirul Hidajah
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorTika Dwi Tama
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorFerry Efendi
Department of Community Health and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Visiting Fellow, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorChung-Yi Li
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Department and Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aims
To analyze the association between personal health conditions (self-rated health, physical function, and chronic conditions) and symptoms of depression in Indonesia.
Methods
Data were collected from the Indonesian family life survey 5. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 17,734 respondents. We included depressive symptoms, self-rated health, physical function, chronic conditions, demographics and socioeconomic variables. The center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to measure symptoms of depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
Results
The results showed that 23.47% of respondents had depressive symptoms, 20.04% had poor self-rated health, 55.93% had a poor physical function, and 32.37% had at least one chronic disease. Respondents who had poor self-rated health, had poor physical function, or had a chronic condition were all had a significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of depression after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, married, and education level), social-economic, and smoking status.
Conclusion
Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with personal health conditions including self-rated health, physical functioning, and chronic conditions among community residents. Strategies that can improve personal health conditions needed to be studied at the community level to improve the level of mental health.
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