Validation of antioxidant, antiproliferative, and in vitro anti-rheumatoid arthritis activities of epigallo-catechin-rich bioactive fraction from Camellia sinensis var. assamica, Assam variety white tea, and its comparative evaluation with green tea fraction
Sanchaita Misra
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorAbu Md Ashif Ikbal
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Search for more papers by this authorDipanjan Bhattacharjee
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorMinakshi Hore
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Search for more papers by this authorSnehasis Mishra
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorSankha Karmakar
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorAlakendu Ghosh
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorRavurushanmuk Srinivas
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorAbhik Das
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorShivankar Agarwal
ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India
Search for more papers by this authorKrishna Das Saha
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorPrashant Bhardwaj
ICMR-Virus Unit (Presently ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases), Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorIshvarlal Bhudarbhai Ubhadia
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Rosekandi Tea Estate, Grant Pt I, Assam, India
Search for more papers by this authorParasar Ghosh
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorSirshendu De
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Onkar Nath Tiwari
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Debprasad Chattopadhyay
ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India
Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Partha Palit
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSanchaita Misra
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorAbu Md Ashif Ikbal
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Search for more papers by this authorDipanjan Bhattacharjee
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorMinakshi Hore
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Search for more papers by this authorSnehasis Mishra
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorSankha Karmakar
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorAlakendu Ghosh
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorRavurushanmuk Srinivas
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorAbhik Das
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorShivankar Agarwal
ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India
Search for more papers by this authorKrishna Das Saha
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorPrashant Bhardwaj
ICMR-Virus Unit (Presently ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases), Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorIshvarlal Bhudarbhai Ubhadia
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Rosekandi Tea Estate, Grant Pt I, Assam, India
Search for more papers by this authorParasar Ghosh
Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
Search for more papers by this authorSirshendu De
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Onkar Nath Tiwari
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Debprasad Chattopadhyay
ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India
Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Partha Palit
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
Correspondence
Onkar Nath Tiwari, Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Email: [email protected]
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, 60, Basanta Lal Saha Rd, Tara Park, Kolkata 700053, India.
Email: [email protected]
Partha Palit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSanchaita Misra and Abu Md Ashif Ikbal equally contributed in this manuscript.
Abstract
The epigallocatechin-rich polyphenolic fraction of Assam variety white tea, traditionally used for the management of diverse inflammatory ailments and health drink, was investigated through eco-friendly green aqueous extraction, TLC, and HPLC characterization, phytochemical screening, in vitro DPPH assay, anti-proteinase, MTT assay on synovial fibroblast and colon cancer cells, apoptotic FACS analysis, cytokine ELISA, p-STAT3 western blotting, and in silico docking analysis. HPLC-TLC standardized white tea fraction (WT-F) rendered higher extractive-yield (21%, w/w), than green tea fraction(GT-F) (12%, w/w). WT-F containing flavonoids and non-hydrolysable polyphenols showed better antioxidant activity, rather than equivalent GT-F. WT-F demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid-arthritis activity via killing of synovial fibroblast cells (66.1%), downregulation of TNF-α (93.33%), IL-6 (87.97%), and p-STAT3 inhibition (77.75%). Furthermore, WT-F demonstrated better anti-proliferative activity against colon cancer cells (HCT-116). Collectively, our study revealed that the white tea fraction has boundless potential as anti-rheumatoid arthritis and anti-proliferative agent coupled with apoptotic, antioxidant anti-proteinase, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Practical applications
Our eco-friendly extracted bioactive aqueous fraction of white tea, characterized by TLC-HPLC study and phytochemical screening have demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid arthritis property and anti-proliferative action on colon cancer cells including potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proteinase efficacy. The test WT-F sample has shown impressive safety on normal mammalian cells. WT-F has demonstrated better efficacy against rheumatoid arthritis and cancer model compared to equivalent green tea fraction. Traditionally, it is extensively used for boosting immunity, and energy, with cosmetic, and agricultural applications by the native inhabitants. So, the aqueous fraction of WT is suggested to be used as a prophylactic nutraceutical supplement and or therapeutic agent in commercial polyherbal formulation to attenuate and management of auto-inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis and carcinogenesis of colon. It is additionally suggested to establish in vivo rheumatoid arthritis animal and clinical study to validate their pharmacokinetic stability and dose optimization coupled with anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and anti-oxidant property.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. No authors have been paid for this work.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data available on request due to privacy/ethical restrictions.
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