Sequences of stilboflavin C: towards the peptaibiome of the filamentous fungus Stilbella (= Trichoderma) flavipes
Thomas Degenkolb
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLutz Götze
Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHans von Döhren
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Franklinstrasse 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Schillerstrasse 34, 10627 Berlin, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas Vilcinskas
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hans Brückner
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Correspondence to: Hans Brückner, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, 35392 Giessen, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorThomas Degenkolb
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLutz Götze
Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHans von Döhren
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Franklinstrasse 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Schillerstrasse 34, 10627 Berlin, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAndreas Vilcinskas
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hans Brückner
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Correspondence to: Hans Brückner, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, 35392 Giessen, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Filamentous fungi of the genus Stilbella are recognized as an abundant source of naturally occurring α-aminoisobutyric acid-containing peptides. The culture broth of Stilbella (Trichoderma) flavipes CBS 146.81 yielded a mixture of peptides named stilboflavins (SF), and these were isolated and separated by preparative TLC into groups named SF-A, SF-B, and SF-C. Although all three of these groups resolved as single spots on thin-layer chromatograms, HPLC analysis revealed that each of the groups represents very microheterogeneous mixtures of closely related peptides. Here, we report on the sequence analysis of SF-C peptides, formerly isolated by preparative TLC. HPLC coupled to QqTOF-ESI-HRMS provided the sequences of 10 16-residue peptides and five 19-residue peptides, all of which were N-terminally acetylated. In contrast to the previously described SF-A and SF-B peptaibols, SF-C peptaibols contain Ser-Alaol or Ser-Leuol, which are rarely found as C-termini, and repetitive Leu-Aib-Gly sequences, which have not been detected in peptaibols before. Taking the previously determined sequences of SF-A and SF-B into account, the entirety of peptides produced by S. flavipes (the ‘peptaibiome’) approaches or exceeds 100 non-ribosomally biosynthesized peptaibiotics. Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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