Phyto-Fabrication of Moringa Oleifera Peel-Sourced Silver Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for Combating Hepatic Cancer by Targeting Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mitigating Cytokine Storms
Shahnawaz Sameem
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (lead), Methodology (lead), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorVivek Dwivedi
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorVikas Kumar
Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (equal), Methodology (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAshish R. Dwivedi
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329 India
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Resources (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Prateek Pathak
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329 India
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Formal analysis (lead), Methodology (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorBhupendra Singh
School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002 India
Department of Pharmacy, S. N. Medical College, Agra, 282002 India
Contribution: Methodology (supporting), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMashooq Ahmad Bhat
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
Contribution: Supervision (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Dr. Amita Verma
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Supervision (lead), Validation (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorShahnawaz Sameem
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (lead), Methodology (lead), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorVivek Dwivedi
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorVikas Kumar
Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (equal), Methodology (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAshish R. Dwivedi
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329 India
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Resources (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Prateek Pathak
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329 India
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Formal analysis (lead), Methodology (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorBhupendra Singh
School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002 India
Department of Pharmacy, S. N. Medical College, Agra, 282002 India
Contribution: Methodology (supporting), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMashooq Ahmad Bhat
Deptartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
Contribution: Supervision (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Dr. Amita Verma
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Supervision (lead), Validation (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from precancerous nodules, leading to liver damage and inflammation, which triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Dysregulation of these cytokines can escalate into a cytokine storm, causing severe organ damage. Interestingly, Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) fruit peel, previously discarded as waste, contains an abundance of essential biomolecules and high nutritional value. This study focuses on the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles infused with M. oleifera peel extract biomolecules and their impact on regulating proinflammatory cytokines, as well as their potential anticancer effects against Wistar rats. The freshly synthesized nanoformulation underwent comprehensive characterization, followed by antihepatic cancer evaluation using a diethyl nitrosamine-induced model (at a dose of 200 mg kg−1 BW). The study demonstrates a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB). Furthermore, it confirms that the newly biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibit additional potential against hepatic cancer due to their capped biomolecules.
Graphical Abstract
Conflict of interests
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
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