Antifungal activity of Allamanda polyantha seed extract and its iridoids promote morphological alterations in Cryptococcus spp.
Fernanda R. Bresciani
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Lucélia Santi
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Correspondence Lucélia Santi, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Suit 508, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorWalter O. Beys-da-Silva
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus Berger
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa de A. Barcellos
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJan Schripsema
Metabolomics Group, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorGilsane L. von Poser
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJorge A. Guimarães
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarilene H. Vainstein
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorFernanda R. Bresciani
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Lucélia Santi
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Correspondence Lucélia Santi, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Suit 508, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorWalter O. Beys-da-Silva
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus Berger
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa de A. Barcellos
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJan Schripsema
Metabolomics Group, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorGilsane L. von Poser
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJorge A. Guimarães
Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMarilene H. Vainstein
Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Cryptococcosis, caused by Cryptococcus spp., is an invasive fungal infection of the central nervous system, associated with high mortality, affecting mainly immunocompromised patients. Due to the development of resistance to the current therapy, there is an urgent need for less toxic and more effective antifungal agents. In this study, we describe the antifungal activity against Cryptococcus spp. of an aqueous seed extract from Allamanda polyantha (ASEAP) and two iridoids, plumieride and plumieridine, isolated from this extract with an antifungal activity. The capsule formation and the morphological alterations were evaluated using fluorescent microscopy. The cytotoxic activity was also investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of ASEAP for Cryptococcus gattii were 70 and 36 µg/ml (for the R265 and R272 strains, respectively) and 563 µg/ml for Cryptococcus neoformans H99. ASEAP inhibited C. neoformans H99 capsule formation, an important virulence factor, and decreased the cell body size for both the C. gattii strains. H99 cells also presented morphological alterations, with defects in bud detachment and nuclear fragmentation. Plumieride and plumieridine presented higher MIC values than ASEAP, indicating that other compounds might contribute to antifungal activity and/or that combination of the compounds results in a higher antifungal activity.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests.
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