Polymer materials, commonly used and susceptible to damage from external forces and environmental factors, now have a new intelligent self-healing variant inspired by living organisms. This material self-repairs via dynamic covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions, mitigating microdamage risks and enhancing longevity. The self-healing polyurethane urea based on disulfide bonds was prepared by reacting a prepolymer synthesized from lipoic acid (TA), triethylenetramine (TETA), and polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG) with isocyanate. Subsequently, nickel powder modified with amino groups on the surface was prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and modification with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), and it was used as a magnetic and conductive filler added to the polyurethane urea to create magnetic self-healing polyurethane urea composites (MPUU-MNi). The material self-repaired at 40◦C for 12 h after damage, with a self-healing efficiency of 73%. The initial ultimate stress of MPUU-MNi-10 was 8.08 MPa, and after repair, the ultimate stress of MPUU-MNi-10 recovered to 5.89 MPa. It possesses good magnetic properties, mechanical properties, self-healing performance, and magnetic driving performance. Engineers can acquire knowledge about the most recent developments in electromagnetic shielding, which they can creatively integrate into their projects. Delving into cutting-edge materials and production methods could result in significant product innovation, enhancing their company's market edge.