A FRET Autophagy Imaging Platform by Macrocyclic Amphiphile
Ze-Tao Jiang
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorJie Chen
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorFang-Yuan Chen
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYuan-Qiu Cheng
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorShun-Yu Yao
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorRong Ma
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorWen-Bo Li
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongzhong Chen
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dong-Sheng Guo
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000 China
Search for more papers by this authorZe-Tao Jiang
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorJie Chen
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorFang-Yuan Chen
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Ze-Tao Jiang, Jie Chen and Fang-Yuan Chen contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYuan-Qiu Cheng
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorShun-Yu Yao
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorRong Ma
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorWen-Bo Li
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongzhong Chen
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dong-Sheng Guo
College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous process of organelle interaction in eukaryotic cells, in which various organelles or proteins are recycled and operated through the autophagy pathway to ensure nutrient and energy homeostasis. Although numerous fluorescent probes have been developed to image autophagy, these environment-responsive probes suffer from inherent deficiencies such as inaccuracy and limited versatility. Here, we present a modular macrocyclic amphiphile Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) platform (SC6A12C/NCM, SN), constructed through the amphiphilic assembly of sulfonatocalix[6]arene (SC6A12C) with N-cetylmorpholine (NCM) for lysosome targeting. The hydrophobic fluorophore BPEA (FRET donor) was entrapped within the inner hydrophobic phase and showed strong fluorescence emission. Attributed to the broad-spectrum encapsulation of SC6A12C, three commercially available organelle probes (Mito-Tracker Red, ER Tracker Red, and RhoNox-1) were selected as SC6A12C guests (FRET acceptors). During autophagy process, the formation of intracellular host–guest complexes leads to strong FRET signal, allowing us to visualize the fusion of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus with lysosomes, respectively. This study provides a versatile and accessible platform for imaging organelle autophagy.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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