Revealing the Distribution of Metal Carboxylates in Oil Paint from the Micro- to Nanoscale
Dr. Xiao Ma
Scientific Research Department, Division of Conservation, National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD, 20785 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Victoria Beltran
IPANEMA, CNRS, ministère de la Culture et de la Communication Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, USR 3461, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Georg Ramer
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Georges Pavlidis
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Dilworth Y. Parkinson
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Mathieu Thoury
IPANEMA, CNRS, ministère de la Culture et de la Communication Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, USR 3461, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Search for more papers by this authorProf. Tyler Meldrum
Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, 540 Landrum Drive, Williamsburg, VA, 23188 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Andrea Centrone
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Barbara H. Berrie
Scientific Research Department, Division of Conservation, National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD, 20785 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Xiao Ma
Scientific Research Department, Division of Conservation, National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD, 20785 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Victoria Beltran
IPANEMA, CNRS, ministère de la Culture et de la Communication Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, USR 3461, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Georg Ramer
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Georges Pavlidis
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Dilworth Y. Parkinson
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Mathieu Thoury
IPANEMA, CNRS, ministère de la Culture et de la Communication Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, USR 3461, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Search for more papers by this authorProf. Tyler Meldrum
Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, 540 Landrum Drive, Williamsburg, VA, 23188 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Andrea Centrone
Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Barbara H. Berrie
Scientific Research Department, Division of Conservation, National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD, 20785 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Oil paints comprise pigments, drying oils, and additives that together confer desirable properties, but can react to form metal carboxylates (soaps) that may damage artworks over time. To obtain information on soap formation and aggregation, we introduce a new tapping-mode measurement paradigm for the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique that enables nanoscale IR spectroscopy and imaging on highly heterogenous and rough paint thin sections. PTIR is used in combination with μ-computed tomography and IR microscopy to determine the distribution of metal carboxylates in a 23-year old oil paint of known formulation. Results show that heterogeneous agglomerates of Al-stearate and a Zn-carboxylate complex with Zn-stearate nano-aggregates in proximity are distributed randomly in the paint. The gradients of zinc carboxylates are unrelated to the Al-stearate distribution. These measurements open a new chemically sensitive nanoscale observation window on the distribution of metal soaps that can bring insights for understanding soap formation in oil paint.
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