REVIEW
An updated review on pharmacological properties of neferine—A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera
Lohanathan Bharathi Priya,
Chih-Yang Huang,
Rouh-Mei Hu,
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian,
Rathinasamy Baskaran,
Lohanathan Bharathi Priya
Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Data curation, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorChih-Yang Huang
Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
Centre of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Conceptualization, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorRouh-Mei Hu
Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
Correspondence
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Rathinasamy Baskaran, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Rathinasamy Baskaran
Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Correspondence
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Rathinasamy Baskaran, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLohanathan Bharathi Priya,
Chih-Yang Huang,
Rouh-Mei Hu,
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian,
Rathinasamy Baskaran,
Lohanathan Bharathi Priya
Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Data curation, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorChih-Yang Huang
Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
Centre of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Conceptualization, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorRouh-Mei Hu
Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Contribution: Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
Correspondence
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Rathinasamy Baskaran, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Rathinasamy Baskaran
Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
Correspondence
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Rathinasamy Baskaran, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLohanathan Bharathi Priya and Chih-Yang Huang contributed equally.
Abstract
Phytochemicals have recently received a lot of recognition for their pharmacological activities such as anticancer, chemopreventive, and cardioprotective properties. In traditional Indian and Chinese medicine, parts of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) such as lotus seeds, fruits, stamens, and leaves are used for treating various diseases. Neferine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, a major component from the seed embryos of N. nucifera. Neferine is effective in the treatment of high fevers and hyposomnia, as well as arrhythmia, platelet aggregation, occlusion, and obesity. Neferine has been found to have a variety of therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-arrhythmic, anti-platelet, anti-thrombotic, anti-amnesic, and negative inotropic. Neferine also exhibited anti-anxiety effects, anti-cancerous, and chemosensitize to other anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and taxol. Induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest are the key pathways that underlying the anticancer activity of neferine. Therefore, the present review summarizes the neferine biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and its effects in myocardium, cancer, chemosensitizing to cancer drug, central nervous system, diabetes, inflammation, and kidney diseases.
Practical applications
Natural phytochemical is gaining medicinal importance for a variety of diseases like including cancer, neurodegenerative disorder, diabetes, and inflammation. Alkaloids and flavonoids, which are abundantly present in Nelumbo nucifera have many therapeutic applications. Neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from N. nucifera has many pharmacological properties. This present review was an attempt to compile an updated pharmacological action of neferine in different disease models in vitro and in vivo, as well as to summarize all the collective evidence on the therapeutic potential of neferine.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
There is no conflict of interest.
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