Review
β-Galactosidase: Insights into source variability, genetic engineering, immobilisation and diverse applications in food, industry and medicine
Yang Zhou,
Yuelin Liu,
Fukang Gao,
Zhenzhu Xia,
Zhoufan Zhang,
Frank Peprah Addai,
Yiyin Zhu,
Jinping Chen,
Feng Lin,
Dongfeng Chen,
Yang Zhou
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorYuelin Liu
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Writing - original draft, Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorFukang Gao
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Resources, Software
Search for more papers by this authorZhenzhu Xia
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorZhoufan Zhang
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Validation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorFrank Peprah Addai
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Conceptualization
Search for more papers by this authorYiyin Zhu
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorJinping Chen
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorFeng Lin
Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001 China
Contribution: Project administration, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dongfeng Chen
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]
Contribution: Funding acquisition, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorYang Zhou,
Yuelin Liu,
Fukang Gao,
Zhenzhu Xia,
Zhoufan Zhang,
Frank Peprah Addai,
Yiyin Zhu,
Jinping Chen,
Feng Lin,
Dongfeng Chen,
Yang Zhou
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorYuelin Liu
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Writing - original draft, Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorFukang Gao
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Resources, Software
Search for more papers by this authorZhenzhu Xia
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorZhoufan Zhang
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Validation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorFrank Peprah Addai
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Conceptualization
Search for more papers by this authorYiyin Zhu
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorJinping Chen
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorFeng Lin
Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001 China
Contribution: Project administration, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dongfeng Chen
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]
Contribution: Funding acquisition, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
β-Galactosidases are crucial enzymes that hydrolyse oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with terminal β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Though the traditional application of β-Galactosidases has been to catalyse the breakdown of lactose in dairy products, its application extends beyond the production of lactose-free products since variants capable of facilitating lactose condensation and exhibiting galactosyl transferase activity are extensively utilised for the synthesis of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides. This review analyses β-Galactosidase in multiple aspects, including sources, classification, characterisation, immobilisation, genetic engineering and applications in terms of whey treatment, biofuel production, production of lactose-free dietary product, synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides and the early detection of cellular senescence and tumours.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no competing interests.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
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