Volume 48, Issue 7 e70032
Research Article

Pesticides Adsorption by a Sustainable Porous Carbon: Modeling and River Water Decontamination

Juliana M. N. dos Santos

Juliana M. N. dos Santos

Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900 Brazil

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Fabíola B. Dalla Nora

Fabíola B. Dalla Nora

Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900 Brazil

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Cristiano R. B. Rhoden

Cristiano R. B. Rhoden

Laboratory of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials, LaMMaN, Franciscan University—UFN, Andradas, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97010-032 Brazil

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Franciele da S. Bruckmann

Franciele da S. Bruckmann

Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900 Brazil

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Christian Manera

Christian Manera

Postgraduate Program in Engineering Processes and Technologies, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, 95070-560 Brazil

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Marcelo Godinho

Marcelo Godinho

Postgraduate Program in Engineering Processes and Technologies, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, 95070-560 Brazil

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Melissa G. A. Vieira

Melissa G. A. Vieira

Chemical Engineering Department, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Zeferino Vaz University City—Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970 Brazil

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Liliana P. Lozano

Liliana P. Lozano

Universidad De La Costa, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlantico, 080002 Colombia

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Luis F. O. Silva

Corresponding Author

Luis F. O. Silva

Universidad De La Costa, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlantico, 080002 Colombia

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

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Sonaimuthu Mohandoss

Sonaimuthu Mohandoss

School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea

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Naushad Ahmad

Naushad Ahmad

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, King Abdullah Road Westward, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia

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Ana Carolina F. P. Fuhr

Ana Carolina F. P. Fuhr

Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900 Brazil

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Guilherme L. Dotto

Corresponding Author

Guilherme L. Dotto

Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900 Brazil

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

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First published: 04 May 2025
Citations: 1

Abstract

A sustainable porous carbon (WSPC) was applied to remove atrazine and 2,4-d (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) pesticides commonly used in cultivating grains and cereals. The 2,4-d and atrazine removals were favored at original pH values. The equilibrium occurred according to Brouers–Sotolongo's description. The thermodynamic studies supported the exothermic behavior. The adsorption data over time were represented by the pore-volume and surface diffusion model. Statistical mechanics revealed that the multilayer model showed the best fit for the adsorption isotherms. The steric parameters indicated that the adsorbed molecules are perpendicular to the WSPC surface. The number of adsorbed molecules decreased with increasing temperature for 2,4-d, whereas for atrazine, it remained constant. The adsorption energy indicates that the process is governed by physisorption. WSPC efficiently removed atrazine and 2,4-d from real river waters, reaching 98 % and 92 % removal percentages, respectively.

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