Chemical modification of cashew gum with acrylamide using an ultrasound-assisted method
Jalma Maria Klein
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa Silva de Lima
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJosé Manoel Couto da Feira
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRosmary Nichele Brandalise
Exact Science and Technology Center, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), P.O. Box 1352, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maria Madalena de Camargo Forte
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Correspondence to: M. M. C. Forte (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorJalma Maria Klein
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa Silva de Lima
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJosé Manoel Couto da Feira
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRosmary Nichele Brandalise
Exact Science and Technology Center, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), P.O. Box 1352, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560 Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maria Madalena de Camargo Forte
Laboratory of Polymeric Materials (LAPOL), Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), P.O. Box 15010, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970 Brazil
Correspondence to: M. M. C. Forte (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorABSTRACT
A flocculant based on cashew gum (CG) grafted with polyacrylamide (PAM) was synthesized using potassium persulfate as the chemical initiator and ultrasound energy. The intrinsic viscosity, hydrodynamic radius, and grafting efficiency of the grafted copolymers (CG-g-PAM) were investigated at different monomer and initiator concentrations. The CG-g-PAM copolymers were evaluated in kaolin suspension and river water by using jar test procedure comparatively to a commercial flocculant (Flonex-9045). Ultrasonication resulted in reduced reaction time and high grafting efficiency. The reaction gel point was reached within 10 min and the grafting efficiency was dependent on the acrylamide concentration. The grafted copolymer CG-g-PAM-15285 obtained with 0.285 mmol of initiator showed higher hydrodynamic radius, with flocculation efficacy of 96% comparable with the flocculant Flonex-9045. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43634.
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August 15, 2016
