Review
Cubosomes: The Next Generation of Smart Lipid Nanoparticles?
Dr. Hanna M. G. Barriga,
Dr. Margaret N. Holme,
Prof. Molly M. Stevens,
Dr. Hanna M. G. Barriga
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Margaret N. Holme
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Molly M. Stevens
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Hanna M. G. Barriga,
Dr. Margaret N. Holme,
Prof. Molly M. Stevens,
Dr. Hanna M. G. Barriga
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Margaret N. Holme
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Molly M. Stevens
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Search for more papers by this authorGraphical Abstract
Cubosomes are nanoparticles with an internal periodic lipid membrane separated by two distinct water channels. The surface is stabilized by a polymer outer corona. Recent advances have enabled the rational design of cubosome systems. Key considerations are outlined for engineering cubosomes for tailor-made applications including delivery, biosensing, and medical applications.
Abstract
Cubosomes are highly stable nanoparticles formed from the lipid cubic phase and stabilized by a polymer based outer corona. Bicontinuous lipid cubic phases consist of a single lipid bilayer that forms a continuous periodic membrane lattice structure with pores formed by two interwoven water channels. Cubosome composition can be tuned to engineer pore sizes or include bioactive lipids, the polymer outer corona can be used for targeting and they are highly stable under physiological conditions. Compared to liposomes, the structure provides a significantly higher membrane surface area for loading of membrane proteins and small drug molecules. Owing to recent advances, they can be engineered in vitro in both bulk and nanoparticle formats with applications including drug delivery, membrane bioreactors, artificial cells, and biosensors. This review outlines recent advances in cubosome technology enabling their application and provides guidelines for the rational design of new systems for biomedical applications.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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