Accurate density functional calculations on large systems
Corresponding Author
Brett I. Dunlap
Theoretical Chemistry Section, Code 6179, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5342
Theoretical Chemistry Section, Code 6179, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5342Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Brett I. Dunlap
Theoretical Chemistry Section, Code 6179, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5342
Theoretical Chemistry Section, Code 6179, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5342Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The theoretical underpinnings of the linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals (LCGTO) calculations of the density functional (DF) energy of molecules and clusters are described. The generating function for three-center integrals of arbitrary angular momenta is given in the solid-spherical-harmonic basis. Variational fitting is described and its accuracy tested. The LCGTO-DF method is used to address questions related to the problem of how it is that the methods of cluster science, i.e., high-energy beams or currents, can be used to make C60 in bulk quantities. In particular, it is shown that C60 is neither especially stable nor is it the only large, stable, perfectly round, approximately sp2 carbon molecule. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
References
- 1 H. Sambe and R. H. Felton, J. Chem. Phys. 62, 1122 (1975).
- 2 B. I. Dunlap, J. W. D. Connolly, and J. R. Sabin, J. Chem. Phys. 71, 3396, 4993 (1979).
- 3 K. Kitaura, C. Satoko, and K. Morokuma, Chem. Phys. Lett. 65, 206 (1979).
- 4 G. S. Painter and F. W. Averill, Phys. Rev. B 28, 5536 (1983).
- 5 K. Lee, J. Callaway, K. Kwong, R. Tang, and A. Ziegler, Phys. Rev. B 31, 1796 (1985).
- 6 J. L. Martins, J. Buttet, and R. Car, Phys. Rev. B 31, 1804 (1985).
- 7 D. Tománek and M. A. Schlüter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 1055 (1986).
- 8 B. I. Dunlap and N. Rösch, Adv. Quantum Chem. 21, 317 (1990).
- 9 D. R. Salahub, R. Foumier, P. Młynarski, I. Papai, A. St-Amant, and J. Ushio, in Density Functional Methods in Chemistry, J. K. Labanowski and J. W. Andzelm, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1991), p. 77.
- 10 J. Andzelm and E. Wimmer, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 1280 (1992).
- 11 H. W. Kroto, Nature 329, 529 (1987).
- 12 H. W. Kroto, J. R. Heath, S. C. O'Brien, R. F. Curl, and R. E. Smalley, Nature 318, 162 (1985).
- 13 W. Krätschmer, L. D. Lamb, K. Fostiropoulos, and D. R. Huffman, Nature 347, 354 (1990).
- 14 J. C. Slater, The Selfconsistent Field for Molecules and Solids, Quantum Theory of Molecules and Solids Vol. 4 (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1974).
- 15 P. Hohenberg and W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. 136, B864 (1964).
- 16 W. Kohn and L. J. Sham, Phys. Rev. 140, A1133 (1965).
- 17 J. C. Slater, Phys. Rev. 81, 385 (1951).
- 18 J. W. D. Connolly, in Modern Theoretical Chemistry, G. A. Segal, Ed. (Plenum, New York, 1977), Vol. 7, p. 105.
- 19 K. Schwarz, Phys. Rev. B 5, 2466 (1972).
- 20 A. Görling and M. Levy, Phys. Rev. A 45, 1509 (1992).
- 21 J. P. Perdew, J. A. Chevary, S. H. Vosko, K. A. Jackson, M. R. Pederson, D. J. Singh, and C. Fiolhais, Phys. Rev. B 46, 6671 (1992).
- 22 A. D. Becke and M. R. Roussel, Phys. Rev. A 39, 3761 (1989).
- 23 B. I. Dunlap, Phys. Rev. A 42, 1127 (1990).
- 24 T. Živković and Z. B. Maksić, J. Chem. Phys. 49, 3083 (1968).
- 25 J. C. Slater, Quantum Theory of Atomic Structure (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1960), Vol. 2.
- 26 V. L. Moruzzi, J. F. Janak, and A. R. Williams, Calculated Electronic Properties of Metals (Pergamon, New York, 1978).
- 27 J. P. Perdew and A. Zunger, Phys. Rev. B 23, 5048 (1981).
- 28 E. J. Baerends and P. Ros, Int. J. Quantum Chem. Symp. 12, 169 (1978).
- 29 J. W. Mintmire and C. T. White, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 101 (1983).
- 30 J. W. Mintmire, J. R. Sabin, and S. B. Trickey, Phys. Rev. B 26, 1743 (1982).
- 31 S. H. Lamson, unpublished.
- 32 C. W. Murray, G. J. Laming, N. C. Handy, and R. D. Amos, Chem. Phys. Lett. 199, 551 (1992).
- 33 J. A. Pople, P. M. W. Gill, and B. G. Johnson, Chem. Phys. Lett. 199, 557 (1992).
- 34 A. Derecskei-Kovacs, B. I. Dunlap, W. N. Lipscomb, A. Lowrey, D. S. Marynick, and L. Massa, Inorg. Chem. 33, 5617 (1994).
- 35 D. J. Klein, W. A. Seitz, and T. G. Schmalz, Nature 323, 703 (1986).
- 36 W. N. Lipscomb and L. Massa, Inorg. Chem. 31, 2297 (1992).
- 37 J. Andzelm, deMon User Guide, Version 1.0 beta (Biosym Technologies, San Diego, 1992).
- 38 R. S. Jones, J. W. Mintmire, and B. I. Dunlap, Int. J. Quantum Chem. Symp. 22, 77 (1988).
- 39 B. I. Dunlap and M. Cook, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 29, 767 (1986).
- 40 B. I. Dunlap, J. Andzelm, and J. W. Mintmire, Phys. Rev. A 42, 6354 (1990).
- 41 B. I. Dunlap and J. Andzelm, Phys. Rev. A, 45, 81 (1992).
- 42 A. Görling, Phys. Rev. A 47, 2783 (1993).
- 43 R. M. Pitzer, J. Chem. Phys. 58, 3111 (1973).
- 44 B. I. Dunlap, Adv. Chem. Phys. 69, 287 (1987).
- 45 D. W. Brenner, Phys. Rev. B. 42, 9458 (1990).
- 46 B. I. Dunlap, Phys. Rev. B 47, 4018 (1993).
- 47 B. I. Dunlap, D. W. Brenner, J. W. Mintmire, R. C. Mowrey, and C. T. White, J. Phys. Chem. 95, 8737 (1991).
- 48 F. B. van Duijneveldt, IBM Research Report RJ945 (1971).
- 49 d exponent from S. Huzinaga, Ed., Gaussian Basis Sets for Molecular Calculations (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1984).
- 50 J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 46, 15546 (1992).
- 51 H. J. F. Jansen and A. J. Freeman, Phys. Rev. B 35, 8207 (1987).
- 52 S. B. Trickey, F. Miiller-Plathe, G. H. F. Diercksen, and J. C. Boettger, Phys. Rev. B 45, 4460 (1992).
- 53 L. A. Girifalco and R. A. Lad, J. Chem. Phys. 25, 693 (1956).
- 54 M. Weinert, E. Wimmer, and A. J. Freeman, Phys. Rev. B 26, 4571 (1982).
- 55 A. D. J. Haymet, Chem. Phys. Lett. 122, 421 (1985).
- 56 B. I. Dunlap and R. Taylor, J. Phys. Chem. 98, 11018 (1994).
- 57 B. I. Dunlap, in Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems: From Clusters to Crystals, Vol 2, P. Jena, S. N. Khanna, and B. Rao, Eds, NATO AS1 Series C 374 (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1992), p. 1295.