Simultaneous separation of protein and oil from the liver of sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) by three-phase partitioning
Xueer Han
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorAnqi Liu
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Data curation, Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorYunzhuoya Lin
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Data curation, Project administration, Software
Search for more papers by this authorKailin Ye
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorYinan Zhang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorJunhui Li
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yizhou Fang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Correspondence
Yizhou Fang, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorGuangrong Huang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Huangshan High Quality Development Institute, China Jiliang University, Huangshan, P. R. China
Contribution: Supervision, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorXueer Han
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorAnqi Liu
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Data curation, Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorYunzhuoya Lin
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Data curation, Project administration, Software
Search for more papers by this authorKailin Ye
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorYinan Zhang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorJunhui Li
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yizhou Fang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Correspondence
Yizhou Fang, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorGuangrong Huang
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
Huangshan High Quality Development Institute, China Jiliang University, Huangshan, P. R. China
Contribution: Supervision, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorXueer Han, Anqi Liu and Yunzhuoya Lin contributed equally to this study.
Abstract
Sturgeon, as a high-yield economic fish species, is widely consumed, while large quantities of the liver are discarded. Three-phase partitioning (TPP) was developed in this study as an emerging technology which can well extract oil and protein from sturgeon liver at the same time. Through single-factor experiments and response surface analysis, we determined that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 36.65% mass fraction of ammonium sulfate, 2.88:1 liquid–solid ratio and pH 4.70. The yields of protein and oil were 70.08% and 86.77%, respectively, with an average yield of 78.44%. The qualities of obtained protein and oil were studied, and the results show that the protein and oil prepared by TPP both have high nutritional value and application value. Therefore, TPP would be a better alternative for extracting the oil and protein from sturgeon liver.
Practical applications
Both protein and lipid can be extracted from sturgeon liver by three-phase partitioning (TPP). The results show that TPP is a feasible method for simultaneously obtaining protein and oil.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The author declares that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.
REFERENCES
- Ahad, T., Masoodi, F. A., Gull, A., Wani, S. M., & Shafi, M. N. (2021). Optimization of process parameters for spray drying of ginger oleoresin powder using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 45(4), e15190. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.15190
- AOCS. (2009). Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS ( 7th ed.). AOCS Press.
- Bureau of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. (2021). 2020 China fisheries statistical yearbook. China Agriculture Press.
- Chen, W. W., Jia, Z. B., Huang, G. R., & Hong, Y. (2020). Global optimization for simultaneous extraction of oil and polysaccharides from Schizochytrium limacinum by enzyme-assisted three-phase partitioning. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 44(10), e14824. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14824
- Chew, K. W., Ling, T. C., & Show, P. L. (2019). Recent developments and applications of three-phase partitioning for the recovery of proteins. Separation and Purification Reviews, 48(1), 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1427596
- Consultation, J. W. F. U. E. (2007). Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization Technical Report, 935, 1–8.
- Dutta, R., Sarkar, U., & Mukherjee, A. (2015). Process optimization for the extraction of oil from Crotalaria juncea using three phase partitioning. Industrial Crops and Products, 71, 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.024
- Fang, Y. Z., Huang, Q. F., Lin, Y. Z. Y., Ge, H., Huang, G. R., & Jiang, H. (2022). Physicochemical, digestive and rheological properties of protein from tuna by subcritical dimethyl ether: Focus on process-related indexes. Food Chemistry, 372, e131337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131337
- Fang, Y. Z., Liu, J. H., Li, J. H., Chen, W. W., Huang, G. R., & Ding, Y. T. (2020). Rapid preparation of protein powder from high-moisture tuna liver: New insight into subcritical dimethyl ether. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 124, e109179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109179
- Fang, Y. Z., Liu, S. L., Hu, W., Zhang, J. Y., Ding, Y. T., & Liu, J. H. (2019). Extraction of oil from high-moisture tuna liver by subcritical dimethyl ether: A comparison with different extraction methods. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 121, e1800087. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201800087
- Fustier, P., Achouri, A., Taherian, A. R., Britten, M., Pelletier, M., Sabik, H., Villeneuve, S., & Mondor, M. (2016). Protein-protein multilayer oil-in-water emulsions for the microencapsulation of flaxseed oil: Effect of whey and fish gelatin concentration. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64(10), 2173. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00878
- Gagaoua, M., Hoggas, N., & Hafid, K. (2015). Three phase partitioning of zingibain, a milk-clotting enzyme from Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 73, 245–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.069
- Hao, S. X., Wei, Y., Li, L. H., Yang, X. Q., Cen, J. W., Huang, H., Lin, W. L., & Yuan, X. M. (2015). The effects of different extraction methods on composition and storage stability of sturgeon oil. Food Chemistry, 173, 274–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.154
- Hoseinifar, S. H., Ringo, E., Masouleh, A. S., & Esteban, M. A. (2016). Probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic supplements in sturgeon aquaculture: A review. Reviews in Aquaculture, 8(1), 89–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12082
- Juhaimi, F., Ghafoor, K., Ozcan, M. M., Uslu, N., Babiker, E. E., Ahmed, I. A. M., & Alsawmahi, O. N. (2021). Effect of cold press and Soxhlet extraction systems on total carotenoid, antioxidant activity values and phytochemicals in caper (Capparis ovata var herbacea) seed oils. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 45(6), e15530. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.15530
- Ketnawa, S., Benjakul, S., Martinez, A. O., & Rawdkuen, S. (2014). Three-phase partitioning and proteins hydrolysis patterns of alkaline proteases derived from fish viscera. Separation and Purification Technology, 132, 174–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2014.05.006
- Ma, F. Y., Bell, A. E., & Davis, F. J. (2015). Effects of high-hydrostatic pressure and pH treatments on the emulsification properties of gum arabic. Food Chemistry, 184, 114–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.075
- Pelic, M., Knezevic, S. V., Balos, M. Z., Popov, N., Novakov, N., Cirkovic, M., & Pelic, D. L. (2019). Fatty acid composition of Acipenseridae—sturgeon fish. The 60th International Meat Industry Conference, 333, e012092. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/333/1/012092
- Pyz-Lukasik, R., & Paszkiewicz, W. (2018). Species variations in the proximate composition, amino acid profile, and protein quality of the muscle tissue of grass carp, bighead carp, Siberian sturgeon, and Wels catfish. Journal of Food Quality, 2018, e2625401. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2625401
- Rachana, C. R., & Jose, L. (2014). Three phase partitioning—A novel protein purification method. International Journal of Chemtechnology Research, 6(7), 3467–3472.
- Rather, G. M., & Gupta, M. N. (2013). Refolding of urea denatured ovalbumin with three phase partitioning generates many conformational variants. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 60, 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.008
- Shen, K. J., Mu, W. T., Xia, S. Q., Chen, Y. T., Ren, H. L., Xie, X. Y., Fang, Y. Z., & Huang, G. R. (2021). Preparation of protein powder from the liver of Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores): A comparison of acid- and alkali-aided pH-shifting. Food Science and Technology, e40120. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.40120
- Tan, Z. J., Wang, C. Y., Yi, Y. J., Wang, H. Y., Zhou, W. L., Tan, S. Y., & Li, F. F. (2015). Three phase partitioning for simultaneous purification of aloe polysaccharide and protein using a single-step extraction. Process Biochemistry, 50(3), 482–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2015.01.004
- Wang, H., Chen, K. R., Cheng, J., Jiang, L. Z., Yu, D. Y., Dai, Y. J., & Wang, L. Q. (2021). Ultrasound-assisted three phase partitioning for simultaneous extraction of oil, protein and polysaccharide from pumpkin seeds. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 151, e112200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112200
- Yan, J. K., Wang, Y. Y., Qiu, W. Y., & Shao, N. (2017). Three-phase partitioning for efficient extraction and separation of polysaccharides from Corbicula fluminea. Carbohydrate Polymers, 163, 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.021
- Yang, X. R., Zhao, Y. Q., Qiu, Y. T., Chi, C. F., & Wang, B. (2019). Preparation and characterization of gelatin and antioxidant peptides from gelatin hydrolysate of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bone stimulated by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Marine Drugs, 17(2), 78–83. https://doi.org/10.3390/md17020078
