Optical investigation of three-dimensional human skin equivalents: A pilot study
Corresponding Author
Akhil Kallepalli
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Correspondence
Akhil Kallepalli, Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorBlake McCall
Aston Institute of Materials Research, Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorDavid B. James
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorSarah Junaid
Aston Institute of Materials Research, Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJames Halls
Department of Radiology, The Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK
Search for more papers by this authorMark A. Richardson
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Akhil Kallepalli
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Correspondence
Akhil Kallepalli, Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham SN6 8LA, UK.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorBlake McCall
Aston Institute of Materials Research, Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorDavid B. James
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorSarah Junaid
Aston Institute of Materials Research, Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJames Halls
Department of Radiology, The Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK
Search for more papers by this authorMark A. Richardson
Sensors Group, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Cranfield University, Shrivenham Campus, Shrivenham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Human skin equivalents (HSEs) are three-dimensional living models of human skin that are prepared in vitro by seeding cells onto an appropriate scaffold. They recreate the structure and biological behaviour of real skin, allowing the investigation of processes such as keratinocyte differentiation and interactions between the dermal and epidermal layers. However, for wider applications, their optical and mechanical properties should also replicate those of real skin. We therefore conducted a pilot study to investigate the optical properties of HSEs. We compared Monte Carlo simulations of (a) real human skin and (b) two-layer optical models of HSEs with (c) experimental measurements of transmittance through HSE samples. The skin layers were described using a hybrid collection of optical attenuation coefficients. A linear relationship was observed between the simulations and experiments. For samples thinner than 0.5 mm, an exponential increase in detected power was observed due to fewer instances of absorption and scattering.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no potential conflict of interests.
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