ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Influences of subcritical water extraction on the characterization and biological properties of polysaccharides from Morchella sextelata
Feng Li,
Hongjie Lei,
Huaide Xu,
Feng Li
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongjie Lei
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Correspondence
Hongjie Lei and Huaide Xu, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Email: [email protected] (H. L.) and [email protected] (H. X.)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Huaide Xu
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Correspondence
Hongjie Lei and Huaide Xu, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Email: [email protected] (H. L.) and [email protected] (H. X.)
Search for more papers by this authorFeng Li,
Hongjie Lei,
Huaide Xu,
Feng Li
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongjie Lei
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Correspondence
Hongjie Lei and Huaide Xu, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Email: [email protected] (H. L.) and [email protected] (H. X.)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Huaide Xu
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Correspondence
Hongjie Lei and Huaide Xu, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Email: [email protected] (H. L.) and [email protected] (H. X.)
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Subcritical water extraction (SWE) and hot water extraction (HWE) were used to extract polysaccharides from Morchella sextelata (MSP). The physicochemical and structural characteristics and biological properties of MSPSWE and MSPHWE were evaluated. SWE achieved a higher crude MSP yield (18.09 ± 0.09%) than HWE (4.95 ± 0.05%; p < .01). Using SWE, MSPSWE showed a higher total sugar content and fat-binding capacity. MSPSWE and MSPHWE contained the same monosaccharides, but with significantly different average molecular weights and microstructures without alterations in the main chemical structure, as revealed via FT-IR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. DSC analysis revealed favorable thermal stability. Biological activity assays elucidated that MSPSWE had stronger antioxidant activity in vitro and significantly promoted RAW264.7 cell proliferation and nitric oxide production. Therefore, MSPSWE may represent a potent antioxidant and immunomodulator in the functional food field, with SWE serving as an effective method for extracting highly bioactive M. sextelata polysaccharides.
Novelty impact statement
The molecular weight of Morchella sextelata polysaccharides (MSPs) decreased following subcritical water extraction (SWE), which also improved their yield (from 4.95% to 18.09%). Furthermore, the MSPs obtained via SWE showed stronger antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities than those obtained via hot water extraction.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jfpp16024-sup-0001-Supinfo1.docWord document, 1.3 MB | Supplementary Material |
| jfpp16024-sup-0002-Supinfo2.docWord document, 694 KB | Supplementary Material |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
REFERENCES
- Anwar, M., Mcconnell, M., & Bekhit, A. E. (2021). New freeze-thaw method for improved extraction of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharide from taro (Colocasia esculenta): Optimization and comprehensive characterization of physico-chemical and structural properties. Food Chemistry, 349, 129210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129210
- Benito-Román, Ó., Alonso, E., & Cocero, M. J. (2013). Pressurized hot water extraction of β-glucans from waxy barley. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 73, 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2012.09.014
- Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
- Cai, L., Zou, S., Liang, D., & Luan, L. (2018). Structural characterization, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of polysaccharides from Sophorae tonkinensis Radix. Carbohydrate Polymers, 184, 354–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.083
- Cai, Z., Li, W., Mehmood, S., Pan, W., Wang, Y., Meng, F., Wang, X., Lu, Y., & Chen, Y. (2018). Structural characterization, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of a heteropolysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Morchella esculenta. Carbohydrate Polymers, 195, 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.069
- Cao, C., Huang, Q., Zhang, B., Li, C., & Fu, X. (2018). Physicochemical characterization and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides from Sargassum pallidum by microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 109, 357–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.096
- Cui, H. L., Chen, Y., Wang, S. S., Kai, G. Q., & Fang, Y. M. (2011). Isolation, partial characterisation and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 2180–2185. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4436
- Dong, Y., Qi, Y., Liu, M., Song, X., Zhang, C., Jiao, X., Wang, W., Zhang, J., & Jia, L. (2018). Antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemia and hepatic protection of enzyme-assisted Morehella esculenta polysaccharide. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 120, 1490–1499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.134
- Du, X., Wang, H., Sun, J., Xiong, L., & Yu, J. (2019). Hybridization, characterization and transferability of SSRs in the genus Morchella. Fungal Biology, 123, 528–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2019.05.005
- Gao, J., Zhang, T., Jin, Z., Xu, X., Wang, J., Zha, X., & Chen, H. (2015). Structural characterisation, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Food Chemistry, 169, 430–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.016
- Getachew, A. T., Lee, H. J., Cho, Y. J., Chae, S. J., & Chun, B. S. (2019). Optimization of polysaccharides extraction from Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) using subcritical water: Structural characterization and biological activities. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 121, 852–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.091
- Gu, J., Zhang, H., Yao, H., Zhou, J., Duan, Y., & Ma, H. (2020). Comparison of characterization, antioxidant and immunological activities of three polysaccharides from Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 235, 115939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115939
- Kang, Q., Chen, S., Li, S., Wang, B., Liu, X., Hao, L., & Lu, J. (2019). Comparison on characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum by ultrasound and conventional extraction. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 124, 1137–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.215
- Leong, Y. K., Yang, F., & Chang, J. (2021). Extraction of polysaccharides from edible mushrooms: Emerging technologies and recent advances. Carbohydrate Polymers, 251, 117006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117006
- Li, Q., Wang, W., Zhu, Y., Chen, Y., Zhang, W., Yu, P., Mao, G., Zhao, T., Feng, W., Yang, L., & Wu, X. (2017). Structural elucidation and antioxidant activity a novel Se-polysaccharide from Se-enriched Grifola frondosa. Carbohydrate Polymers, 161, 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.041
- Lin, X., Ji, X., Wang, M., Yin, S., & Peng, Q. (2019). An alkali-extracted polysaccharide from Zizyphus jujuba cv. Muzao: Structural characterizations and antioxidant activities. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 136, 607–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.117
- Liu, C., Sun, Y., Mao, Q., Guo, X., Li, P., Liu, Y., & Xu, N. (2016). Characteristics and antitumor activity of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide extracted by pulsed electric field. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17, 986. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060986
- Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., Liu, M., Wang, Q., & Li, Y. (2018). Extraction optimization, characterization, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of a novel polysaccharide from the wild mushroom Paxillus involutus. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 112, 326–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.132
- Luo, X., Duan, Y., Yang, W., Zhang, H., Li, C., & Zhang, J. (2017). Structural elucidation and immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharide isolated by subcritical water extraction from Cordyceps militaris. Carbohydrate Polymers, 157, 794–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.066
- Masuko, T., Minami, A., Iwasaki, N., Majima, T., Nishimura, S., & Lee, Y. C. (2005). Carbohydrate analysis by a phenol-sulfuric acid method in microplate format. Analytical Biochemistry, 339, 69–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2004.12.001
- Meng, X., Che, C., Zhang, J., Gong, Z., Si, M., Yang, G., Cao, L., & Liu, J. (2019). Structural characterization and immunomodulating activities of polysaccharides from a newly collected wild Morchella sextelata. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 129, 608–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.226
- Muñoz-Almagro, N., Valadez-Carmona, L., Mendiola, J. A., Ibáñez, E., & Villamiel, M. (2019). Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.040
- Nie, C., Zhu, P., Ma, S., Wang, M., & Hu, Y. (2018). Purification, characterization and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from stem lettuce. Carbohydrate Polymers, 188, 236–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.009
- Niu, H., Song, D., Sun, Y., Zhang, W., Mu, H., & Duan, J. (2016). Preparation and sulfation of an α-glucan from Actinidia chinensis roots and their potential activities. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 92, 981–987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.091
- Olatunji, O. J., Feng, Y., Olatunji, O. O., Tang, J., Wei, Y., Ouyang, Z., & Su, Z. (2016). Polysaccharides purified from Cordyceps cicadae protects PC12 cells against glutamate-induced oxidative damage. Carbohydrate Polymers, 153, 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.108
- Olawuyi, I. F., Kim, S. R., Hahn, D., & Lee, W. Y. (2020). Influences of combined enzyme-ultrasonic extraction on the physicochemical characteristics and properties of okra polysaccharides. Food Hydrocolloids, 100, 105396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105396
- Posé, S., Kirby, A. R., Mercado, J. A., Morris, V. J., & Quesada, M. A. (2012). Structural characterization of cell wall pectin fractions in ripe strawberry fruits using AFM. Carbohydrate Polymers, 88, 882–890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.029
- Qi, J., & Kim, S. M. (2018). Effects of the molecular weight and protein and sulfate content of Chlorella ellipsoidea polysaccharides on their immunomodulatory activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 107, 70–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.144
- Rozi, P., Abuduwaili, A., Mutailifu, P., Gao, Y., Rakhmanberdieva, R., Aisa, H. A., & Yili, A. (2019). Sequential extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 131, 97–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.029
- Su, C. A., Xu, X. Y., Liu, D. Y., Wu, M., Zeng, F. Q., Zeng, M. Y., Wei, W., Jiang, N., & Luo, X. (2013). Isolation and characterization of exopolysaccharide with immunomodulatory activity from fermentation broth of Morchella conica. Daru-Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 21, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/2008-2231-21-5
- Subramaniam, K., Rangasamy, M., Ayyasamy, B., & Kumar, N. (2010). Formulation and evaluation of aspirin delayed release tablet. Pharmacie Globale: International Journal of Comprehensive Pharmacy, 1, 1–3.
- Thiruvenkadam, S., Izhar, S., Yoshida, H., Danquah, M. K., & Harun, R. (2015). Process application of Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) for algal bio-products and biofuels production. Applied Energy, 154, 815–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.05.076
- Tietel, Z., & Masaphy, S. (2018). True morels (Morchella)-nutritional and phytochemical composition, health benefits and flavor: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 58, 1888–1901. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2017.1285269
- Wang, Y., Liu, N., Xue, X., Li, Q., Sun, D., & Zhao, Z. (2020). Purification, structural characterization and in vivo immunoregulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide from Polygonatum sibiricum. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 160, 688–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.245
- Wen, Y., Peng, D., Li, C., Hu, X., Bi, S., Song, L., Peng, B., Zhu, J., Chen, Y., & Yu, R. (2019). A new polysaccharide isolated from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies and its immunoregulatory mechanism. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 137, 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.171
- Wu, M., Li, W., Zhang, Y., Shi, L., Xu, Z., Xia, W., & Zhang, W. (2021). Structure characteristics, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory activities of pectic polysaccharides from Rosa setate x Rosa rugosa waste. Carbohydrate Polymers, 253, 117190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117190
- Xie, L., Shen, M., Wen, P., Hong, Y., Liu, X., & Xie, J. (2020). Preparation, characterization, antioxidant activity and protective effect against cellular oxidative stress of phosphorylated polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 145, 111754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2020.111754
- Xu, N., Lu, Y., Hou, J., Liu, C., & Sun, Y. (2018). A polysaccharide purified from Morchella conica Pers. prevents oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19, 4027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124027
- Zhang, H., Zhao, H., Zhou, X., Yang, X., Shen, S., Wang, J., Wang, Z., & Geng, L. (2016). Isolation and characterization of antioxidant polysaccharides (PKCP-D70-2-a and PKCP-D70-2-b) from the Pinus koraiensis pinecone. RSC Advances, 6, 110706–110721. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA23205A
- Zhang, J., Chen, M., Wen, C., Zhou, J., Gu, J., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Ren, X., & Ma, H. (2019). Structural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide isolated with subcritical water from Sagittaria sagittifolia L. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 133, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.077
- Zhang, J., Wen, C., Gu, J., Ji, C., Duan, Y., & Zhang, H. (2019). Effects of subcritical water extraction microenvironment on the structure and biological activities of polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 123, 1002–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.194
- Zhang, J., Wen, C., Qin, W., Qin, P., Zhang, H., & Duan, Y. (2018). Ultrasonic-enhanced subcritical water extraction of polysaccharides by two steps and its characterization from Lentinus edodes. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 118, 2269–2277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.098
- Zhao, G., Kan, J., Li, Z., & Chen, Z. (2005). Structural features and immunological activity of a polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita Thunb roots. Carbohydrate Polymers, 61, 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.04.020
- Zhu, D., Ma, Y., Wang, C., Wang, H., Ren, Y., Zhang, J., Thakur, K., & Wei, Z. (2017). Insights into physicochemical and functional properties of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from onion (Allium cepa L.). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 105, 1192–1201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.164
