For many cancer patients, partial splenic embolization can improve liver function and fibrosis, promote liver regeneration, and activate host immunity, in addition to improving splenic hypersplenism. Our novel splenic volume concept is essential in selecting the optimal treatment.

We evaluated predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma development in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analog treatment for more than 1 year and whose hepatitis B virus DNA was suppressed. Male sex and higher growth differentiation factor 15, FIB-4 index, alpha-fetoprotein, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were independent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma development.

Using the new nomenclature of steatotic liver disease (SLD) including metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD and increased alcohol intake (MetALD), and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), the relationship between each category of SLD and chronic kidney disease (CKD) was investigated. Both MASLD and ALD, but not SLD without metabolic dysfunction, were independently associated with the development of CKD during a 10-year follow-up period.

The effect of dynamic change in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease during the life course on cardiovascular disease risk remains unclear. We identify distinct trajectories of hepatic steatosis according to changing patterns over time, and demonstrate that persistent steatosis is associated with rapid development of metabolic disorders and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver malignant tumor and has a poor prognosis. This article showed low expression of Epithelial Splicing Regulatory Protein 1 and high expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 promotes tumor progression (cell proliferation, migration, and invasion) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by changing CD44 isoforms to regulate epithelial‒mesenchymal transition.

This study examines ZHX family proteins (ZHX1-3) in liver cancer (HCC). High nuclear levels of ZHX1 and ZHX2 are linked to poor outcomes, while high cytoplasmic ZHX3 is associated with better survival and lower recurrence. ZHX proteins' locations might influence cancer progression and are also related to TERT mutations.

We proposed a new resectability classification for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This classification can help identify patients with borderline resectable hepatocellular carcinoma for preoperative treatment before considering surgery.

The homozygous SLCO1B3 gene alteration provided remarkably high indocyanine green retention rate regardless of the normal clinical and pathological findings, while its heterozygous alteration had no effect. The homozygous SLCO1B3 gene alteration may define constitutional indocyanine green excretory defects.

Our study revealed a critical relationship between liver fibrosis and compromised tumor immunity, emphasizing the potential interference of interleukin-33 with natural killer cell function. These insights advocate for advanced immunostimulatory therapies targeting cytokines, such as interleukin-33, aiming to bolster the hepatic immune response against hepatocellular carcinoma in liver fibrosis.

Acute pancreatitis, a complication of acute liver failure, adversely affects prognosis. Low liver reserve at diagnosis serves as a marker for identifying acute liver failure patients at risk of pancreatitis.

This retrospective study found that steroid therapy improves native liver survival in pediatric acute liver failure (ALF) with immune activation, defined by high serum ferritin or soluble interleukin-2R levels and liver inflammation on computed tomography or biopsy. High risks of nonresponse include infantile ALF, severe coagulopathy, or massive hepatic necrosis.

We measured α-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) before treatment and 1, 4, and 8 weeks after durvalumab plus tremelimumab initiation. Changes in AFP and DCP were useful for predicting responders and nonresponders.