Subwavelength structures (SWSs) with a parabola shape are fabricated by a combination of laser interference lithography of a photoresist (PR), thermal reflow, and subsequent pattern transfer. The SWSs show antireflection properties in a broader wavelength range than conventional cone-shaped SWSs, and have potential in optoelectronics for improved device performance.

A general method utilizing heteroepitaxy of various rutile-phase materials such as TiO₂ and SnO₂ is developed that allows control of pure phases, nanometer-sized particulates, production of oriented hollow rods, and controlled thickness of phases normally produced at elevated temperatures.

A carbon-nanotube-based liquid-gated field-effect transistor is employed for the detection of heroin narcotics. Detection of monoacetylmorphine down to 15 pg mL⁻¹ is accomplished by means of a competitive immunoassay protocol in conjunction with charged Au nanoparticles that augment the electrostatic perturbance generated from the receptor–ligand interaction coupled with the carbon nanotubes.

A new biomimetic approach is introduced for quantum-dot synthesis in aqueous solution. The sulfide concentration gradient around the nucleating urease is controlled by the degree of inhibition of the catalytic activity, and the optimized precursor gradient on the enzyme generates monodisperse and crystalline sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles.

Triple-layered microparticles are fabricated through a simple, versatile, one-step solvent evaporation technique. Control of the layer thickness and microparticle configurations, as well as drug localization in different layers, can be achieved. This microparticle design would allow for specific tailoring of particulate drug-delivery systems to suit a wide range of applications.

A simple, protein-mediated, green chemical methodology is proposed for the synthesis of multishaped (triangular, hexagonal, pentagonal, spherical, spheroidal, urchinlike, two-dimensional nanowires, and nanorods) gold nanostructures. The proteins function as a reducing, shape directing, and stabilizing agent.

Surface plasmon resonance absorption of hollow gold nanospheres embedded in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) mediates controllable release of paclitaxel from the microspheres upon irradiation with near-infrared light.

Porous Si substrates, which have greater effective interparticle separations for Au surface diffusion than nonporous Si, inhibit gold catalyst particle coarsening and agglomeration prior to vapor–liquid–solid nanowire nucleation. This increases the yield and greatly reduces the variation in wire diameter and length compared to nucleation on nonporous Si.

Metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is widely employed in high-sensitivity detection. In this work, the effect of pattern features of silver nanoparticle (SNP) arrays on MEF is investigated. It is shown that the intensity of MEF can be tuned by varying the SNP arrays. Strong MEF can be achieved by adjusting the pattern features.

Gold nanoparticles capped with mercaptoethanesulfonate are shown to block HSV-1 infection by virtue of their ability to mimic cell surface heparan sulfate receptors, which are the primary binding site for the virus during the infection cycle. A mechanistic insight reveals efficient blockage of virus attachment, entry, and cell-to-cell spread by the nanoparticles.

The formation of bubbles in a flow-focusing (FF) junction comprising multiple rectangular sections is described. The investigation of the influence of the flow of liquid and of the geometry of the FF junction on the formation of bubbles identifies different mechanisms that lead to the generation of monodisperse, bidisperse, and tridisperse sets of bubbles reproducibly.

Digital, FM, and AM demodulation is performed with a carbon-nanotube nanoelectromechanical resonator in a field-effect-transistor configuration. The DC voltage at the gate plays the role of a tuner. This device performs at a digital transfer rate of 10 kbt s⁻¹, which is compatible with GSM requirements..