Schematic diagram showing the process of the Delphi method for achieving the final 29 consensus statements for Palforzia®-based peanut-immunotherapy in the United Kingdom.

Titrated diluted intravenous adrenaline infusion and adequate fluid resuscitation are the cornerstones of RA treatment. There are no high-quality studies to support the choice of second-line treatments in RA. Most guidelines recommend noradrenaline for persistent hypotension despite adequate treatment.

Allergen exposure chamber (AEC) challenge effectively evaluates timothy grass allergy in rhinitis patients. Symptom severity reproducibly correlates with timothy grass pollen concentrations. AEC challenge can be plausible for allergy diagnostics and patient stratification in clinical research. AEC, allergen exposure chamber; AR, allergic rhinitis; ARM, acoustic rhinometry; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in the first second; HC, healthy control; p/m³, particles/cubic meter; MCA, minimal cross-sectional area; PEFR, peak expiratory flow rate; PNIF, peak nasal inspiratory flow; TNSS, total nasal symptom score.