The cover image, by Joel S. Sholtes et al., is based on the Research Article Longitudinal variability of geomorphic response to floods, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4472.

Determination of exposure years was based on the sharp decrease of cell lumen area of earlywood tracheids. This contribution demonstrates that dendrogeomorphic analyses of roots clearly have a significant potential and that they are a powerful tool for the quantification of multidecadal rates of cliff retreat in areas where measurements of past erosion are lacking.

We characterized 11 debris flows that occurred at high elevations during the September 2013 storm in Rocky Mountain National Park and found that geomorphic controls on initiation include topographic convergence and slope aspect. ¹⁰Be exposure dating and stratigraphic data provide evidence that up to seven debris flows have occurred at one site in the last 75 ka, two within the last 8 ka. Individual sample ages suggest that greatest sediment production occurred during Quaternary glacial stages due to periglacial processes.

We present the first study of river response to removal of a large dam in a Mediterranean hydroclimatic setting. We demonstrate that when a substantial proportion of sediment is sequestered in place, high flows can become relatively more important as drivers of geomorphic change than is the dam removal alone. This result contrasts many previous dam removals from other bioregions where studies found little connection between post-dam-removal flow magnitude and the coupled processes of reservoir-sediment erosion and downstream deposition.

A unified equation is presented which enables us to describe the rate of bedrock erosion caused by fluid flows containing sediment particles in fluvial, coastal, and aeolian environments. An investigation by use of existing data confirms the validity and the applicability of the equation.

The development of one of the largest beach ridge plains in Europe (Neudarss, Southern Baltic), originating about 600 BCE, is reconstructed by means of extensive OSL dating, linking the dynamics of the plain's progradation and changes in the ridge morphology to climate and sea-level changes on multi-centennial to multi-decadal time scales.

• 1) A set of 20 adjacent rock avalanche deposits is used to test the tranferabiity of a calibrated numerical model of rock avalanche run-out.
• 2) A single pair of rheological parameters accurately simulates the general characteristics of 20 different events.
• 3) Results suggests that first-order run-out prediction is possible and therefore transferable.

Tree-ring responses to the earthquake were more than twice as common in sites with hydrologic changes or co-seismic mass movement. Growth releases were primarily associated with increases in flow from streams and springs rather than the death of neighboring trees. Traumatic resin ducts in Douglas-fir and Engelmann spruce were associated with co-seismic rockfalls and landslides. Applications of dendrogeomorphology to paleosesimology should include sites with potential hydrologic changes or mass movement, and trees without external evidence of earthquake impacts.

The comparison of ¹⁰Be derived denudation rates to a hillslope-process inventory reveals a shift in hillslope processes as denudation rates increase. To test if a signal of hillslope processes is preserved in the ¹⁰Be concentration of fluvial sediment, we define the normalized sand-gravel index (NSGI) as the ¹⁰Be-concentration difference between sand and gravel. We find a positive relationship between NSGI and slope, such that NSGI values broadly reflect the shift in hillslope processes.

Geomorphic response to floods is influenced by gradients of flood stream power and valley confinement at reach and landscape-scales in the transition from mountains to plains.

Emergent coral reef terraces and tidal notches are useful geomorphic markers in constraining RSL changes and tectonic processes along offshore and onland faults. This study reports new geomorphic and radiometric data in northwest Luzon as evidence of RSL changes and possible prehistoric earthquakes along the Manila subduction zone and its forearc region during the mid-Holocene. This study offers new insights to the preservation of long-term deformation along the coast that is bordered by a subduction zone and upper-plate faults.

Four morphological stages separated by regime shifts in beach profile evolution were identified on the Hasaki coast, Japan during the 28-year period from 1986 to 2014. From stage 2 to stage 4, the inner transition zone was heavily eroded, and the foreshore was largely accreted. Stage 4 persisted to the end of the study period, approximately 7 years.

Measured with a traversing micro-erosion meter (TMEM), the microtopography of supratidal sandstone was observed to be highly dynamic in response to microclimatic variations at 2-hourly scale, primarily driven by the fluctuating humidity. The rock surface underwent no net microtopographic loss of material at daily scale and could be divided into three periods of different movement trends: falling (06:00–12:00), rising (12:00–20:00) and stable (20:00–06:00), while an overall contraction occurred at multiday scale.

The analysis of χ distribution along experimental drainage networks evolving in oblique collision setting reveals first, that the χ pattern is consistent with the imposed deformation and can thus be used to infer horizontal tectonic deformation, and second, that the orientation of the observed gradients in χ correctly anticipates the direction of divide migrations for 2/3 of the divides affected by such gradient.

We present a methodology to systematically quantify the shape of landslides by their ellipticity (e_L) and length-to-width ratio (Λ_E). An ellipse is a reasonable model for >80% of landslides. Landslides that deviate from an ellipse are related to landscape processes. Λ_E ranges 1.2–15.1 and is non-normally distributed.