Acupuncture has recently increased in popularity and is becoming more widespread throughout the world. It is described as one of the “complementary and alternative medicine/therapies,” showing promising efficacy in the treatment of many conditions and resulting in fewer adverse effects compared to some conventional medicine. Many studies in animals and humans have demonstrated that acupuncture results in multiple biological responses. Although the endorphin theory has been well established, the mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatments have not been extensively studied. Basic and clinical acupuncture studies are important and timely. Although acupuncture is widely used with relative sound safety profile, incidences of acupuncture adverse effects have been reported. Modern technology should be used to explore its safer practice such as safe needling depths and techniques as well as proper use of clean needle techniques.

Moxibustion is another traditional Chinese medical intervention that involves the burning of moxa above body surface of the acupuncture points. The clinical efficacy and mechanism of moxibustion have not been extensively studied. In addition, it is important that moxibustion safety issues be investigated, in regard to potential tissue damage and adverse physical reactions.

We invite investigators to contribute original research articles as well as review articles that will stimulate efforts to understand the clinical efficacy, mechanism of action, and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Evaluation of clinical efficacy of acupuncture
• Mechanisms of acupuncture
• Safety issues of acupuncture
• Research evidence for acupuncture or moxibustion
• Evaluation of clinical efficacy of moxibustion
• Mechanisms of moxibustion
• Safety of moxibustion