Original Article

Galectin-9 induced by dietary synbiotics is involved in suppression of allergic symptoms in mice and humans

Corresponding Author

S. de Kivit

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Correspondence

J. Garssen and S. de Kivit, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Tel.: +31 (0)6 52034181

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (JG)

Tel.: +31 (0)6 43579689

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (SK)

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E. Saeland,

E. Saeland

Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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A. D. Kraneveld,

A. D. Kraneveld

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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H. J. G. van de Kant,

H. J. G. van de Kant

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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B. Schouten,

B. Schouten

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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B. C. A. M. van Esch,

B. C. A. M. van Esch

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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J. Knol,

J. Knol

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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A. B. Sprikkelman,

A. B. Sprikkelman

Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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L. B. van der Aa,

L. B. van der Aa

Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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L. M. J. Knippels,

L. M. J. Knippels

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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J. Garssen,

Corresponding Author

J. Garssen

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence

J. Garssen and S. de Kivit, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Tel.: +31 (0)6 52034181

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (JG)

Tel.: +31 (0)6 43579689

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (SK)

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Y. van Kooyk,

Y. van Kooyk

Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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L. E. M. Willemsen,

L. E. M. Willemsen

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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S. de Kivit,

Corresponding Author

S. de Kivit

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Correspondence

J. Garssen and S. de Kivit, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Tel.: +31 (0)6 52034181

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (JG)

Tel.: +31 (0)6 43579689

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (SK)

Search for more papers by this author

E. Saeland,

E. Saeland

Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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A. D. Kraneveld,

A. D. Kraneveld

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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H. J. G. van de Kant,

H. J. G. van de Kant

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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B. Schouten,

B. Schouten

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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B. C. A. M. van Esch,

B. C. A. M. van Esch

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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J. Knol,

J. Knol

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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A. B. Sprikkelman,

A. B. Sprikkelman

Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Search for more papers by this author

L. B. van der Aa,

L. B. van der Aa

Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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L. M. J. Knippels,

L. M. J. Knippels

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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J. Garssen,

Corresponding Author

J. Garssen

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Danone Research – Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence

J. Garssen and S. de Kivit, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Tel.: +31 (0)6 52034181

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (JG)

Tel.: +31 (0)6 43579689

Fax: +31 (0)30 253 7900

E-mail: [email protected] (SK)

Search for more papers by this author

Y. van Kooyk,

Y. van Kooyk

Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Search for more papers by this author

L. E. M. Willemsen,

L. E. M. Willemsen

Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

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First published: 09 January 2012

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02771.x

Citations: 99

Edited by: Hans-Uwe Simon

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Abstract:

Background:

Prebiotic galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) resembling non-digestible oligosaccharides in human milk reduce the development of atopic disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Galectins are soluble-type lectins recognizing β-galactoside containing glycans. Galectin-9 has been shown to regulate mast cell degranulation and T-cell differentiation. In this study, the involvement of galectin-9 as a mechanism by which scGOS/lcFOS in combination with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V protects against acute allergic symptoms was investigated.

Methods:

Mice were sensitized orally to whey, while being fed with a diet containing scGOS/lcFOS and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (GF/Bb) or a control diet. Galectin-9 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in the intestine and measured in the serum by ELISA. T-cell differentiation was investigated in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) as well as in galectin-9-exposed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultures. Sera of the mice were evaluated for the capacity to suppress mast cell degranulation using a RBL-2H3 degranulation assay. In addition, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial, galectin-9 levels were measured in the sera of 90 infants with atopic dermatitis who received hydrolyzed formulae with or without GF/Bb.

Results:

Galectin-9 expression by intestinal epithelial cells and serum galectin-9 levels were increased in mice and humans following dietary intervention with GF/Bb and correlated with reduced acute allergic skin reaction and mast cell degranulation. In addition, GF/Bb enhanced T_h1- and T_reg-cell differentiation in MLN and in PBMC cultures exposed to galectin-9.

Conclusions:

Dietary supplementation with GF/Bb enhances serum galectin-9 levels, which associates with the prevention of allergic symptoms.

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Volume67, Issue3

March 2012

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Galectin-9 induced by dietary synbiotics is involved in suppression of allergic symptoms in mice and humans

Abstract:

Background:

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Conclusions:

References

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Galectin-9 induced by dietary synbiotics is involved in suppression of allergic symptoms in mice and humans

Abstract:

Background:

Methods:

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Conclusions:

References

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