Discovering spatial co-location patterns of urban facilities and their asymmetric characteristics
Sijia Jin
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorDisheng Yi
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJunlei Yuan
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuxin Zhao
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJiahiu Qin
School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorHuijun Zhou
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jing Zhang
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Correspondence
Jing Zhang, College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSijia Jin
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorDisheng Yi
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJunlei Yuan
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuxin Zhao
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorJiahiu Qin
School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
Search for more papers by this authorHuijun Zhou
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jing Zhang
College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Correspondence
Jing Zhang, College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Spatial co-location pattern (CP) mining can discover sets of geographical features frequently appearing in adjacent locations, which is valuable for comprehending the co-occurrence relationship between features. However, due to the quantitative differences and heterogeneous distribution of features, the probabilities that features appear in each other's neighborhood are unequal, resulting in an asymmetric spatial pattern. Current studies have paid little attention to the asymmetric characteristics of CPs. Therefore, this study explores the CPs and their asymmetric relationships. Firstly, we adopt the weighted participation index to evaluate the frequency of global candidate CPs. Secondly, we employ an asymmetry index we developed and the local co-location quotient to quantify the asymmetry intensity of CPs. The results indicate that the frequent CPs mainly comprise facilities related to the residents' daily lives. Investigating the asymmetric relationships and spatial associations among features in the CPs is significant for identifying resource shortages and rationally planning urban resources.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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