Congenital left ventricular aneurysm coexisting with left ventricular non-compaction in a newborn

Described herein is the case of a rare combination of congenital left ventricular (LV) aneurysm and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) in a newborn. The patient developed refractory heart failure soon after birth and died at 5 months of age. The etiology of both congenital LV aneurysm and LVNC seems to be maldevelopment of the ventricular myocardium during early fetal life. Treatment should be individually tailored depending on clinical severity, and treatment options are limited. Given that this combination of congenital LV aneurysm and LVNC is significantly associated with poor prognosis, it appears that patients with congenital LV aneurysm and LVNC are candidates for early, aggressive intervention, including surgical aneurysmectomy and evaluation for transplantation. It is important to be aware of this combination of congenital LV aneurysm and LVNC, and to make earlier decisions on therapeutic strategy.