Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for recurrent aphthous stomatitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Corresponding Author
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, AlFarabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
Correspondence
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorEsam Halboub
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAhmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAnas Shamala
Department of Biological and Preventive Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
Search for more papers by this authorAnas Alsalhani
Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, AlFarabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, AlFarabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
Correspondence
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorEsam Halboub
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAhmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAnas Shamala
Department of Biological and Preventive Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Sciences and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
Search for more papers by this authorAnas Alsalhani
Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, AlFarabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Objectives
A few studies have associated vitamin D deficiency with the occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Hence, the aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore such a potential association.
Methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted in June 2019. The inclusion criteria were (a) observational studies that assessed the relationship between vitamin D and RAS, and (b) the outcome measures reported quantitative vitamin D levels. Studies without control groups, case series, case reports, experimental studies, letter to editors, reviews, were excluded. The random effects model was conducted for meta-analyses using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results
Five studies comprising 208 RAS patients and 241 healthy individuals were included. All studies except one reported significantly lower levels of vitamin D in RAS patients compared with the healthy individuals. The results of the pooled 5 studies revealed statistically significant lower levels of vitamin D in RAS patients (Mean Difference (MD) = −9.67 ng/ml, 95% CI = −15.68, −3.65; p ˂ .002).
Conclusion
The present meta-analysis suggests a significant association between low vitamin D levels and RAS. Further well-designed studies with adequate sample sizes are required to elucidate the role of vitamin D in pathogenesis of RAS.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no any conflict of interests.
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