Phylogeography of Indo-Pacific reef fishes: sister wrasses Coris gaimard and C. cuvieri in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Corresponding Author
Pauliina A. Ahti
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
Correspondence: Pauliina A. Ahti, School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorRichard R. Coleman
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
Search for more papers by this authorJoseph D. DiBattista
Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845 Australia
Search for more papers by this authorMichael L. Berumen
Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorLuiz A. Rocha
Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, 94118 USA
Search for more papers by this authorBrian W. Bowen
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Pauliina A. Ahti
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
Correspondence: Pauliina A. Ahti, School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorRichard R. Coleman
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
Search for more papers by this authorJoseph D. DiBattista
Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845 Australia
Search for more papers by this authorMichael L. Berumen
Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorLuiz A. Rocha
Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, 94118 USA
Search for more papers by this authorBrian W. Bowen
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to resolve the evolutionary history, biogeographical barriers and population histories for sister species of wrasses, the African Coris (Coris cuvieri) in the Indian Ocean and Red Sea, and the Yellowtail Coris (Coris gaimard) in the Pacific Ocean. Glacial sea level fluctuations during the Pleistocene have shaped the evolutionary trajectories of Indo-Pacific marine fauna, primarily by creating barriers between the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. Here, we evaluate the influence of these episodic glacial barriers on sister species C. cuvieri and C. gaimard.
Location
Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean.
Methods
Sequences from mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI), and nuclear introns gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and ribosomal S7 protein were analysed in 426 individuals from across the range of both species. Median-joining networks, analysis of molecular variance and Bayesian estimates of the time since most recent common ancestor were used to resolve recent population history and connectivity.
Results
Cytochrome oxidase c subunit I haplotypes showed a divergence of 0.97% between species, and nuclear alleles were shared between species. No population structure was detected between the Indian Ocean and Red Sea. The strongest signal of population structure was in C. gaimard between the Hawaiian biogeographical province and other Pacific locations (COI ϕST = 0.040–0.173, P < 0.006; S7 ϕST = 0.046, P < 0.001; GnRH ϕST = 0.022, P < 0.005). Time to most recent common ancestor is c. 2.12 Ma for C. cuvieri and 1.76 Ma for C. gaimard.
Main conclusions
We demonstrate an Indian-Pacific divergence of < 2 Myr and high contemporary gene flow between the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, mediated in part by the long pelagic larval stage. The discovery of hybrids at Christmas Island indicates that Indian and Pacific lineages have come into secondary contact after allopatric isolation. Subspecies status may be appropriate for these two wrasses.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jbi12712-sup-0001-Suppinfo.docxWord document, 17.9 KB | Appendix S1 PCR reaction conditions and DNA fragment preparation. Appendix S2 Pairwise ϕST comparisons for Coris cuvieri. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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